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What are the five core and interacting values associated with biodiversity identified by Morton and Hill (2014)?
Economic, Ecological, Life Support, Recreation, Cultural, Scientific
Which of the following is NOT a category of ecosystem services?
Economic valuation reveals that many livelihoods do not rely on biodiversity as sources of income.
False
How much did forest products contribute to the Philippine GDP in 2020?
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Which of the following is an ecological service provided by biodiversity?
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What economic contribution did tourism make to the GDP in 2020?
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What is one of the spiritual associations many cultures have with nature?
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What role does biodiversity play in scientific research?
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Biodiversity influences many aspects of human _____ life.
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Biodiversity provides economic value primarily through recreation and tourism.
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Biodiversity contributes to ecological services such as nutrient cycling and climate regulation.
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Recreational activities are a significant part of the cultural value of biodiversity.
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The Philippines' economic value of ecosystem services is estimated at approximately P2.3 trillion.
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The role of biodiversity in scientific research is insignificant.
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Higher diversity among pollinators has no effect on coffee production.
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Cultural services of biodiversity do not impact human well-being.
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Provisioning services from biodiversity include timber and medicine.
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Biodiversity contributes to stress-reduction benefits.
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The Sarimanok is a bird that represents the cultures of the Ifugaos.
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Genetic diversity among traditional rice varieties is important for creating improved varieties.
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The presence or absence of specific animals is believed to have significance in traditional beliefs.
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Citizen Science does not contribute to scientific knowledge.
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Indigenous knowledge systems are often disconnected from nature.
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Studying biodiversity has no relevance to future research in biology.
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Many cultures associate nature with spirituality.
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Study Notes
Importance of Biodiversity
- Biodiversity is critical for multiple functions, identified as economic, ecological, recreational, cultural, and scientific values.
- Conserving biodiversity supports ecosystem services essential for human survival and well-being.
Core and Interacting Values
- Economic Value: Provides essential raw materials like food, timber, non-timber products, and medicine, contributing significantly to livelihoods.
- Ecological Life Support: Has roles in oxygen production, carbon cycling, water purification, pollination, pest control, and climate regulation.
- Recreation: Biodiversity enhances tourism, which accounted for 13% of GDP in 2020 and offers stress-relief and health benefits.
- Cultural Value: Nature holds spiritual significance in many cultures, with traditional beliefs linking flora and fauna to identity and practices.
- Scientific Value: High biodiversity areas enable discoveries that advance understanding in various scientific fields, leading to improved agricultural practices.
Ecosystem Services
- Provisioning Services: Involvement in the production of food and raw materials.
- Regulating Services: Climate control, disease management, and pest regulation.
- Supporting Services: Maintenance of ecosystem functions, including nutrient cycling.
- Cultural Services: Socio-cultural benefits, enhancing quality of life through recreational spaces.
Economic Contributions
- Economic value of ecosystem services in the Philippines is estimated at P2.3 trillion ($52.02 billion).
- Forest products contributed 0.02% (P 17.5 million) to Philippine GDP in 2020.
- Fisheries added P 223.3 billion to GDP, highlighting the importance of biodiversity to fisheries as an economic sector.
Ecological Value
- Biodiversity boosts ecosystem resilience and sustainability, crucial for long-term ecological balance.
- Increased pollinator diversity correlates positively with coffee fruit production, emphasizing biodiversity's role in agriculture.
Recreational Value
- Natural environments play a key role in physical and mental health improvement, social interactions, and relaxation.
- Encourages outdoor activities, contributing to community well-being and cohesion.
Cultural Significance
- Nature appears in the spiritual beliefs and traditions of many indigenous cultures, influencing identity and practices.
- Traditional motifs and folklore integrate biodiversity, showcasing its cultural importance.
Scientific Value
- Wild populations form the genetic basis for domesticated crops and animals.
- Observations in nature contribute to significant scientific advancements, illustrating biodiversity's role in scientific inquiry.
Conclusion
- Biodiversity is integral to sustainable development and human well-being.
- While the Earth can sustain biodiversity independently, human existence is firmly linked to the health of ecosystems.
Importance of Biodiversity
- Biodiversity is vital for various core values identified by Morton and Hill: economic, ecological life support, recreation, cultural, and scientific.
Economic Value
- Biodiversity provides essential raw materials such as food, timber, non-timber products, and medicine.
- Livelihoods of many communities depend on biodiversity for income.
- In the Philippines, the total economic value of ecosystem services is estimated at P2.3 trillion ($52.02 billion).
- Forest products contributed 0.02% (P17.5 million) to the Philippine GDP in 2020.
- Fisheries contributed P223.3 billion to the GDP in 2022.
Ecological Value
- Biodiversity ensures critical ecological services: oxygen production, water purification, pollination, nutrient cycling, climate regulation, pest control, and hazard risk reduction.
- Increased pollinator diversity enhances agricultural productivity, such as coffee fruit production.
Recreational Value
- Tourism and outdoor activities heavily rely on biodiversity, contributing 13% to the GDP in 2020.
- Nature promotes relaxation and stress relief, improving physical and mental health, increasing social interaction, and providing inspiration.
Cultural Value
- Many cultures link nature to spirituality, often incorporating flora and fauna into their identity and traditions.
- Indigenous knowledge and practices frequently reflect connections to biodiversity through folklore and traditional beliefs.
- Examples include specific cultural representations like the Kalaw headdress and Sarimanok in Filipino traditions.
Scientific Value
- Biodiverse regions facilitate significant scientific discoveries and understanding of biological processes.
- Domesticated crops and animals often trace origins back to wild populations.
- Citizen science initiatives foster public engagement in biodiversity observations, leading to new scientific insights.
- Genetic diversity in traditional rice breeds allows for agricultural innovation.
Summary
- Biodiversity is essential for sustainable development, human well-being, and understanding the natural world.
- While Earth's biodiversity can exist independently of humans, human existence relies heavily on biodiversity for survival and quality of life.
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Description
Explore the crucial reasons for studying and conserving biodiversity. This quiz covers the economic, ecological, recreational, cultural, and scientific values of biodiversity, as well as the four categories of ecosystem services. Test your knowledge about the impact of biodiversity on our planet.
