Biochemistry of CNS: Neurotransmitters & Disorders
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of a neurotransmitter in synaptic transmission?

  • To trigger a response in the post-synaptic cell (correct)
  • To inhibit the release of neurotransmitters
  • To provide electrical signals between neurons
  • To release ions into the synaptic cleft

    • What is the characteristic of electrical synapses?

  • Found in the peripheral nervous system only
  • Presynaptic and postsynaptic cells are separated by a narrow gap
  • Impulses are transmitted through chemical neurotransmitters
  • Connected by connexons with very close contact between cells (correct)

    • What type of receptors are formed by the acetylcholine receptor?

  • Chemically gated ion channels
  • Ligand-gated ion channels (correct)
  • Voltage-gated ion channels
  • Mechanically gated ion channels

    • What determines the effect of a neurotransmitter on the post-synaptic cell?

    <p>The post-synaptic receptor type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common type of communication between neurons?

    <p>Chemical synapses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the neurotransmitter after it has triggered a response in the post-synaptic cell?

    <p>It is taken back up by the presynaptic cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of lipofuscin, a granular pigment that accumulates in cells?

    <p>Unknown</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques in the brain?

    <p>They are characteristic of brain aging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of a stimulating environment on synaptic plasticity?

    <p>It increases synaptic plasticity by 25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of aging on brain cells?

    <p>Brain cells inevitably decline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of intellectual activity in delaying brain degeneration?

    <p>It delays but does not halt brain degeneration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the hippocampus in the context of brain aging?

    <p>It is concerned with memory processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the brain size as a person ages?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of serotonin uptake inhibitors on serotonin levels in synapses?

    <p>They increase the amount of serotonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of acetyl choline esterase inhibitors on acetyl choline?

    <p>They increase the duration of acetyl choline in the synapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of L-DOPA on dopamine levels in Parkinson's patients?

    <p>It increases the amount of dopamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of opiates, such as morphine, on opiate receptors?

    <p>They bind to opiate receptors and mimic the actions of natural enkephalins and endorphins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of ageing on the number of interconnections and synapses between cells?

    <p>It decreases the number of interconnections and synapses</p> Signup and view all the answers

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