42 Questions
What is the number of carbon atoms in Oleic Acid?
18
What is the location of the double bond in Oleic Acid?
At C9
What is the classification of Linoleic Acid?
Polyunsaturated
What is the omega designation of Linoleic Acid?
ω-6
What is the number of double bonds in Linoleic Acid?
2
What type of bond is naturally occurring in fatty acids?
Cis bond
What is the effect of trans bonds on hydrocarbon chains?
It hardens them
What type of fatty acid cannot be synthesized by the body?
Essential
What is the result of the reaction between glycerol and fatty acids?
Triglyceride
What type of bond is formed between glycerol and fatty acids?
Ester bond
What is the classification of glycerol with one fatty acid attached?
Monoacylglycerol
What is the characteristic of triglycerides that makes them insoluble in water?
Hydrophobic nature
What is the term for triglycerides that are solid at room temperature?
Fats
What type of fatty acids are commonly found in oils?
Unsaturated fatty acids
What is the name of the bond formed between the 2nd carbon atom of glycerol and a fatty acid?
Secondary ester bond
What type of lipids have a phosphate group?
Phospholipids
What is formed when pancreatic lipase acts on TAG?
Monoglycerides and FFA
What determines the absorption of fat digestion products?
Size of the products
Where do long-chain fatty acids and monoglycerides enter after leaving the micelle?
Epithelial cells
What is the role of cholesterol in the cell membrane?
Structural component
What is a characteristic of steroids?
Hydrophobic and insoluble in water
What is the precursor to vitamin D, testosterone, and estrogen?
Cholesterol
What is the mode of transport for chylomicrons away from the intestine?
Lymphatic system
Why are steroids considered important?
They are precursors to various important substances
What is the main difference between glycolipids and sphingomyelin?
Presence of a carbohydrate group
Which type of glycolipid is found in neurons and white matter?
Cerebroside
What is the name of the disease caused by the deficiency of hexosaminidase A?
Tay-Sachs disease
What is the function of the enzyme α-galactosidase?
Breaks down ceramide trihexoside
Which of the following is NOT a type of glycolipid?
Sphingomyelin
What is the name of the disease caused by the deficiency of β-galactosidase?
Krabbe's disease
What bond is formed between the carbohydrate group and the ceramide in glycolipids?
Glycosidic bond
What is the name of the disease caused by the deficiency of β-glucosidase?
Gaucher's disease
Why does arachidonic acid have a lower melting point than linoleic acid?
It has a higher number of double bonds
How many kilocalories are equivalent to 1 gram of lipid?
9 kcal
What is the main reason why long chain saturated fatty acids have higher melting points?
They do not have double bonds
What is the main component of lung surfactant?
Dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine
What is the precursor of estrogen?
Androgens
What is the role of micelles in the small intestine?
Facilitate absorption of lipids
What is the parent compound of prostaglandins?
Arachidonic acid
What type of fatty acids are directly transported to the liver?
Short and medium chain fatty acids
What is the role of chylomicrons in the intestine?
Package and transport long chain fatty acids
What is the result of a lack of lung surfactant in newborns?
Respiratory distress syndrome
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