Biochemistry LE 1: Bioenergetics
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of ATP hydrolysis in the cell?

  • To maintain a high concentration of ATP in the cell
  • To release energy for various cellular processes (correct)
  • To generate energy in the absence of oxygen
  • To synthesize ADP and Pi

    • What is the net result of fuel oxidation in the cell?

  • Conversion of ADP to ATP
  • Yielding high-energy phosphate bonds and CO2 (correct)
  • Generation of ATP from ADP and Pi
  • Breakdown of ATP into ADP and Pi

    • What is the purpose of rephosphorylating ADP in the cell?

  • To generate energy for the cell
  • To break down ATP into ADP and Pi
  • To synthesize ATP from ADP and Pi
  • To replenish ATP in the cell (correct)

    • What type of work does ATP provide energy for in the cell?

    <p>Chemical work, osmotic work, and mechanical work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the byproduct of ATP hydrolysis in the cell?

    <p>ADP and Pi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of oxygen in the ATP-ADP cycle?

    <p>To oxidize fuel molecules to generate ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is ATP referred to as in the context of cellular energy?

    <p>The common currency of energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the ATP-ADP cycle in bioenergetics?

    <p>To conserve energy in living cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between exergonic and endergonic reactions?

    <p>The direction of energy transfer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final product of the energy released during oxidative phosphorylation?

    <p>ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of NADH and FADH2 in cellular respiration?

    <p>They act as 'paychecks' that are converted to ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Josiah Gibbs equation in bioenergetics?

    <p>To determine the standard free energy of a reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of ATP in the cell?

    <p>Oxidative phosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the positive ∆G° value in the phosphoglycerate kinase reaction?

    <p>It indicates that the reaction is reversible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the energy available to do work in a system?

    <p>Free energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the byproduct of the phosphoglycerate kinase reaction?

    <p>ATP and 3-phosphoglycerate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the cycle that produces NADH and FADH2?

    <p>Krebs Cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concept that describes the direction of energy transfer in living systems?

    <p>First law of thermodynamics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the third and last irreversible step in glycolysis?

    <p>Pyruvate kinase reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the hydrolysis of ATP into ADP?

    <p>Exergonic reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the end product of the conversion of PEP to Pyruvate?

    <p>Pyruvate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary for an endergonic reaction to occur?

    <p>It must obtain its energy from an exergonic reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sign of ΔG for an exergonic reaction?

    <p>Negative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the transition state in a reaction?

    <p>To facilitate the conversion of reactants to products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of ΔG in the Josiah Gibbs Equation?

    <p>Kcal/mol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the negative sign in ΔG?

    <p>It indicates an exergonic reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following has the most negative ΔG⁰ value?

    <p>Phosphoenolpyruvate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characteristic of biosynthetic reactions?

    <p>They are spontaneous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of exergonic reactions in terms of free energy?

    <p>Negatively charged change in free energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an exergonic reaction?

    <p>Catabolic reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the total entropy of a system in all natural processes?

    <p>It always increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition under which the standard free energy change (ΔG°) of a reaction is measured?

    <p>At 25°C and pH of 7.0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which law of thermodynamics states that the universe tends toward disorder?

    <p>The second law of thermodynamics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the total energy of a system, including its surroundings, according to the first law of thermodynamics?

    <p>It always remains constant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of exergonic reactions in terms of their spontaneity?

    <p>They are spontaneous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT true about exergonic reactions?

    <p>They are exemplified by anabolic reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

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