Biochemistry Lecture 1: Functional Groups

<p>From -e to -al (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Methanal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ethers have an oxygen atom bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Symmetrical ether (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>R-COOR (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It interfered with nerve impulse transmission. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As symmetrical and asymmetrical ethers. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They consist only of carbon and hydrogen atoms. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Benzene (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CnH2n-2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Combustion reactions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alkenes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Slurred speech (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alkanes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure every organic compound has a unique name (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ketone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ethanol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carboxylic acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2-Butanone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ethanal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aldehydes have a hydrogen atom attached to the carbonyl carbon, while ketones have two carbon groups. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2-Propanol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ketones cannot be oxidized. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alkyne chemistry (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Butyne (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aldehydes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They allow for differentiation between similar molecules. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phenol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alcohols (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They determine the physical and chemical properties of biomolecules. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amide bond (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carboxylic acid and Amine salts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ester groups (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Peptide bond is formed between two amino acids during polypeptide synthesis. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carboxylic acid salt (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amines can form salts with strong mineral acids. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydroxyl group of carboxylic acid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amide and Water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Organic molecules consisting only of carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Hydrocarbons are categorized into aliphatic and aromatic types.

These hydrocarbons can be saturated or unsaturated.

Hydrocarbons that contain a ring structure, like benzene.

International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, establishes naming conventions for organic compounds.

Negative effects arising from hydrocarbon exposure, including respiratory and nervous system issues.

Breathing issues such as tachypnea (shallow breathing) caused by hydrocarbon exposure.

Subcategories of aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes have single bonds, alkenes double, alkynes triple.

The chemistry associated with carbon-carbon triple bonds.

Butyne has the least carbon-carbon bond length among the given options.

CnH2n+2 is the general formula for an alkane.

Covalently bonded sets of atoms that define the behavior of a molecule.

Functional groups are crucial in forming DNA, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids.

Organic compounds containing the carbonyl group C=O, with the general formula RCHO.

The central carbon atom in aldehydes and ketones that is double bonded to oxygen.

Key functional groups include alcohols (OH), carboxyls (COOH), and amines (NH2).

A functional group consisting of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom.

Replace the final 'e' of the alkane name with '-al' and number the longest chain to give the aldehyde group number 1.

The IUPAC name for formaldehyde, derived from methane by replacing 'e' with 'al'.

IUPAC name for a 7-carbon aldehyde with one double bond, derived from heptene.

Organic compounds with the formula R-O-R’, containing an oxygen bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups.

Organic compounds with a carbonyl group (C=O) between two carbon atoms.

Ethers with the same alkyl or aryl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom.

Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols.

Ethers having different alkyl or aryl groups on either side of the oxygen atom.

Used as inhalational anesthetics, halogenated ethers are now preferred for safety.

Ketones are reduced to secondary alcohols.

Aldehydes can be oxidized to carboxylic acids.

Esters have R-COOR structure; ethers are R-O-R’. Esters connect to a carbonyl carbon.

Ketones cannot be oxidized to a higher oxidation state.

Aldehydes are named with the suffix -al, with RCHO structure.

Ketones are named with the suffix -one, with RCOR' structure.

Amines can form salts by donating a proton to strong acids like HCl.

Amides are formed from the reaction of carboxylic acid and amine (or ammonia).

An amide bond forms between the hydroxyl group of a carboxylic acid and the hydrogen of an amine.

Peptide bonds are a specific type of amide bond linking amino acids in proteins.

Amides undergo hydrolysis in strong acid to produce carboxylic acid and amine salts.

Hydrolysis with a strong base yields carboxylic acid salt and amine.

Functional groups include amines, amides, acids, and their derivatives.

Key functional groups include amines, amides, alcohols, and carboxylic acids.