Biochemistry Basics Quiz

Problem Set M1

• Attempt History: The quiz was completed in 661 minutes and scored 5 out of 5 points. It was submitted on September 26th at 5:31 PM.
• Question 1: Biochemists study biological organisms in three ways:
  • The relationship between the structure and function of biomolecules.
  • Chemical reactions in organisms, known as metabolism.
  • Communication within and between organisms.
• Question 2: Biochemistry is the study of the chemistry of life and how the properties of organisms relate to their molecules. It is also known as the chemistry of life.

Additional Questions and Answers

• Question 3: Another name for a firefly is a lightning bug.

• Question 4: Lithium (Li) is not a common element in biological organisms.

• Question 5: Water is known as the "medium of life" because it is found inside and outside cells.

• Question 6: The bond angle associated with a trigonal pyramidal shape is 107.5 degrees.

• Question 7: Transition metals are not commonly found in biological organisms because they do not form stable covalent bonds. They are trace elements.

• Question 8: Water can constitute up to 90% of a living organism by mass (in some plants).

• Question 9: Smaller elements tend to make the strongest covalent bonds due to significant overlap. Larger elements do not.

• Question 10:

  • Bulk elements: oxygen, nitrogen, carbon
  • Trace elements: magnesium, chromium, iron, (and others listed)

• Question 11: Organic chemistry is the study of carbon-based compounds, while inorganic chemistry studies all other compounds, including metals, minerals, and other non-organic compounds, not just metals.

• Question 12:

  • H₂O is not an organic molecule.
  • CO₂ is not an organic molecule.
  • C₁₀₀H₂₀₂ is an organic molecule.

• Question 13:

  • Chemical formula for hexane: C₆H₁₄
  • Condensed formula for hexane: CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃

• Question 14: Draw both Kekulé and line-bond structures of butane and hexane on your own paper. (Structures provided in document).

• Question 15: The aldehyde and ketone functional groups are nearly identical, differing only by hydrogen's presence in the aldehyde group.

• Question 16: Glycine has both amine and carboxylic acid functional groups.

• Question 17: Refute statement: retinal does not have a ketone, instead it has alkenes and an aldehyde functional group.

• Question 18: A cell wall is a supramolecular complex, because it results from the combination of macromolecules.

• Question 19:

  • Proteins: amino acids
  • Carbohydrates: monosaccharides
  • DNA: nucleotides

• Question 20: Prokaryotes lack membrane-bound organelles (including a nucleus), while eukaryotes have them. Eukaryotes are generally larger than prokaryotes.

• Question 21: Archaea often inhabit extreme environments (such as hot springs), while bacteria are commonly found in soil, water, and on the human body.

• Question 22:

  • Mitochondria: responsible for producing ATP (energy).
  • Lysosomes: break down macromolecules.
  • Vacuoles: often have digestive properties and act as storage centres.

• Question 23: The energy molecule produced in the mitochondria is adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

• Question 24: This review quiz is a crucial study resource for the upcoming module exam