M1 Problem Set Biochemistry Kozminski 2024 PDF

M1: Problem Set Due No due date Points 5 Questions 24 Time Limit None Attempt History Attempt Time Score LATEST Attempt 1 661 minutes 5 out of 5 Score for this quiz...

M1: Problem Set Due No due date Points 5 Questions 24 Time Limit None Attempt History Attempt Time Score LATEST Attempt 1 661 minutes 5 out of 5 Score for this quiz: 5 out of 5 Submitted Sep 26 at 5:31pm This attempt took 661 minutes.  Question 1 0 / 0 pts What are three ways that biochemists study biological organisms? Your Answer: Three ways that biochemists study biological organisms are 1) the relationship between structure and function of biomolecules, 2) chemical reactions of organisms, known as metabolism, and 3) communication within and among organisms. Biochemists study 1) the relationship between structure and function of biomolecules, 2) chemical reactions of organisms (metabolism), and 3) communication within and among organisms.  Question 2 0 / 0 pts What is the definition of biochemistry? Your Answer: It is the study of chemistry of life and how the properties of organisms relate to their molecules. Often referred to as the chemistry of life, biochemistry asks how the remarkable properties of organisms relate to their molecules.  Question 3 0 / 0 pts What is another name for firefly? Your Answer: Lightning bug is another name for a firefly. lightning bug  Question 4 0 / 0 pts Is Li an element common in biological organisms? Your Answer: No, Lithium is not a common element in biological organisms. No. See Figure 1.3 for the common elements.  Question 5 0 / 0 pts What is known as the “medium of life”? Your Answer: Water is known as the "medium of life" because it is found in all cells and even outside of them. Water  Question 6 0 / 0 pts What is the bond angle associated with trigonal pyramidal shape? Your Answer: The bond angle associated with a trigonal pyramidal shape is 107.5 degrees. 107.5 degrees  Question 7 0 / 0 pts Are transition metals commonly found in biological organisms? Your Answer: No, because they do not form stable covalent bonds, which is not good for living organisms. Yes. They are trace elements in organisms. See Figure 1.3 for examples.  Question 8 0 / 0 pts True or false: Water can make up 85% (by mass) of a living organism. Correct! True False True. Some plants are made up of 90% water by mass.  Question 9 0 / 0 pts True or false: Large elements tend to make the strongest covalent bonds. True Correct! False False. Smaller elements tend to make the strongest bonds due to significant overlap.  Question 10 0 / 0 pts Name three bulk elements. Name three trace elements. Your Answer: 3 bulk elements are: oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon 3 trace elements are: magnesium, chromium and iron Bulk elements (three of these): H, C, N, O, Na, P, S, Cl, K, and Ca Trace elements: Mg, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Se, Mo, I, and W.  Question 11 0 / 0 pts The following statement is incorrect. Rewrite the statement to be correct. Statement: Organic chemistry is the study of metal compounds, while inorganic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds. Your Answer: Organic chemistry is the study of chemical and physical properties of carbon compounds. Inorganic chemistry is the study metals, minerals, and other non-organic compounds Organic chemistry is the study of carbon-based compounds, while inorganic chemistry is the study of all other compounds, including metals, minerals, and other non-organic compounds.  Question 12 0 / 0 pts Is H2O an organic molecule? How about CO2? C100H202? Your Answer: H2O and CO2 are not organic compounds since they don't have both carbon and hydrogen. But C100H202 is an organic molecule. Water is not organic; it does not contain carbon. Both CO2 and C100H202 are organic compounds.  Question 13 0 / 0 pts The next row of Table 1 would be the 6-carbon alkane, hexane. Write out its chemical formula and condensed formula. Your Answer: Hexane would be C6H14 for the chemical formula and CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 for the condensed formula. chemical formula: C6H14 Condensed formula: CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3  Question 14 0 / 0 pts On your own paper, draw the Kekule structures and line-bond formulas for both butane and hexane. When you have drawn the structures, enter a note in the answer box indicating you have done so (e.g., “I completed these drawings.” Or “I drew the structures for butane and hexane.”) Your Answer: I drew the Kekule structures and line bond formulas for butane and hexane. Your drawings should appear as shown below.  Question 15 0 / 0 pts How are the aldehyde and ketone functional groups similar? Different? Your Answer: The functional groups are almost identical except for the addition of a hydrogen in the aldehyde functional group. Aldehdyes and ketones both have a carbon double bond oxygen arrangement (C=O) in their structure. They differ in that the other two bonds that the carbon forms are different. A ketone has both bonds connected to other carbons. An aldehyde has one bond to hydrogen and the second bond to either another hydrogen or carbon.  Question 16 0 / 0 pts What functional groups are found in glycine? Your Answer: Glycine has amine and carboxylic acid functional groups in its structure. Carboxylic acid and amine  Question 17 0 / 0 pts Support or Refute this statement. The compound shown below, retinal, contains both alkene and ketone functional groups. (In your response, write “Support” or “Refute” and then give at least two reasons to justify your answer using complete sentences.) Your Answer: Refute. I see a aldehyde group at the end of the compound. I do not see a ketone group. Refute. While retinal does indeed contain alkenes, it does not have a ketone. Carbon-carbon double bonds characterize the functional group known as alkenes. Several double bonds are present in the retinal, including one in the ring on the left and along the long carbon chain. On the other hand, a ketone is not present in retinal. A ketone is a C=O present with the C attached to two other carbon atoms. This group is not present in the compound, but an aldehyde is present. Aldehydes contain a C=O bond at the end of the carbon chain, which is present. Since the C=O is at the end of the chain, the C atom has an H bonded to it on one side and a C atom on the other.  Question 18 0 / 0 pts A cell wall is a combination of carbohydrates and proteins. What level of organization would this indicate and why? Your Answer: The level of organization the cell wall falls in is supramolecular complexes (3rd level) since it is composed of a combination of macromolecules which is the 2nd level of organization Supramolecular complex. A cell wall is a combination of two types of macromolecules to form a larger complex (through non-covalent interactions).  Question 19 0 / 0 pts What is the monomer of proteins, carbohydrates, and DNA? Your Answer: The monomer for proteins is animo acids, for carbohydrates is sugar, and for DNA is nucleic acids. The protein monomer is an amino acid, a monosaccharide is the monomer for carbohydrates, and a nucleotide is the monomer for DNA.  Question 20 0 / 0 pts How are prokaryotes and eukaryotes different? (State your answer in two or more complete sentences.) Your Answer: Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms that have no membrane bound organelles. Eukaryotes are multicellular and do have membrane bound organelles including a nucleus. While they are both cells types, prokaryotes have a simple structure with no organelles present. Eukaryotes have a true nucleus and organelle structures. As a result, the eukaryotes are also considerably larger than prokaryotes.  Question 21 0 / 0 pts How are Bacteria and Archaea different? (State your answer in two or more complete sentences.) Your Answer: Archaea can live in extreme environments such as hot springs whereas bacteria lives in the soil, water and in/on the human body. Bacteria and Achaea are both simple cells with no organelle structure, and they lack a true nucleus. Archaea live in extreme conditions, such as hot springs and in the artic; they are thought to be more closely related to prokaryotes.  Question 22 0 / 0 pts What is the function of mitochondria, lysosomes, and vacuoles? Your Answer: Mitochondria produces energy for the cell. Lysosomes digests macromolecules. Vacuoles has both digestive properties as well as storage properties but is only present in plants, fungi and other organisms. The mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell responsible for producing ATP. It also contains metabolic processes that yield ATP in the end. Lysosomes degrade macromolecules–protein, lipid, carbohydrate, nucleic acids–into smaller pieces. These organelles have an acidic pH. Vacuoles have digestive enzymes to degrade proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids, plus vacuoles function largely as storage centers.  Question 23 0 / 0 pts What energy molecule is produced in the mitochondria? Your Answer: Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is made in the mitochondria Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)  Question 24 5 / 5 pts As a reminder, the questions in this review quiz are a requirement of the course and the best way to prepare for the module exam. Did you complete all questions in their entirety? Your Answer: Yes Quiz Score: 5 out of 5