Biochemistry 1 Lecture 1: Introduction

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Questions and Answers

What is the general formula for carbohydrates?

  • C6H12O6
  • Cn(H2O)n (correct)
  • CO2
  • CH4O2

Which compound is a common example of a carbohydrate?

  • Glucose (correct)
  • Lactose
  • Fructose
  • Sucrose

What is one of the biological functions of carbohydrates?

  • Serving as cell membrane components that mediate some forms of intercellular communication (correct)
  • Synthesis of proteins
  • Production of energy in the form of ATP
  • Regulation of body temperature

What is the function of carbohydrates in the synthesis of DNA and RNA?

<p>Synthesis of oxy and deoxy ribose sugars used in building of RNA and DNA structure, respectively (B)</p>
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Which functional groups do carbohydrates contain?

<p>-OH and C=O (D)</p>
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What is the most appropriate definition of carbohydrates?

<p>Compounds that contain C, H, O with a general formula of Cn(H2O)n (B)</p>
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What is the main biological function of triglycerides?

<p>Energy storage in adipocytes (C)</p>
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Which of the following is a structural component of cartilage?

<p>Chondroitin (B)</p>
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What is the main function of insulin in the body?

<p>Regulating blood sugar levels (D)</p>
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What is the primary role of eicosanoids and prostaglandins?

<p>Acting as chemical messengers among cells (B)</p>
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Which organic compound is not contained in proteins?

<p>Calcium (D)</p>
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What is the primary function of hormonal proteins in the body?

<p>Acting as chemical messengers between cells (A)</p>
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Which compound is responsible for providing 9 kcal of energy per gram?

<p>Triglycerides (D)</p>
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Which lipid is a structural component of cell membranes?

<p>Sphingolipids (D)</p>
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What are the primary components of proteins?

<p>Amino acids (C)</p>
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What is an example of a mixed or conjugated protein?

<p>Glycoproteins embedded in cell membranes (C)</p>
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Flashcards

Carbohydrate Formula

Cn(H2O)n

What is Glucose?

A simple sugar used for energy.

Carbohydrate's Biological Function

Cell membrane components mediating intercellular communication.

Carbohydrates & Nucleic Acids

Synthesis of oxy and deoxy ribose sugars used in building of RNA and DNA structure, respectively

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Carbohydrate Functional Groups

-OH and C=O

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Carbohydrate Definition

Compounds containing C, H, O with a general formula of Cn(H2O)n

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Triglycerides Function

Energy storage in adipocytes.

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Chondroitin's Role

A structural component of cartilage.

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Insulin Function

Regulates blood sugar levels.

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Eicosanoids & Prostaglandins

Acting as chemical messengers among cells

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Hormonal Proteins Function

Act as chemical messengers between cells

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Energy from Triglycerides

Provide 9 kcal of energy per gram.

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Sphingolipids Function

A structural component of cell membranes

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Protein Components

Amino acids

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Glycoproteins Definition

Proteins bound to carbohydrates.

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