16 Questions
What did Carl Neuberg do in the field of biochemistry?
Coined the term 'Biochemistry'
What does biochemistry primarily study?
Individual chemical reactions and their enzyme catalysts
What is the importance of biomolecules according to the text?
They are important for diagnosis and monitoring of treatment
What is the role of biochemical laboratory tests according to the text?
Integral component of diagnosis and monitoring of treatment
Which of the following biomolecules is responsible for the storage and transmission of genetic information?
Nucleic acids
What type of bond is formed by the sharing of a hydrogen between two electron donors?
Hydrogen bond
Which type of metabolic pathway consumes energy to build complicated molecules from simpler compounds such as proteins, glycogen, and lipids?
Anabolic pathways
What is the sum total of the chemical activities of all cells called?
Cellular metabolism
Which stage of metabolism involves the breakdown of food and transportation of nutrients to tissues?
Primary metabolism
Which part of the cell prevents interference of metabolic reactions within the cell?
Compartmentalisation
What is the function of the citrate cycle and respiratory chain in metabolism?
Control of metabolic reactions
Which type of bond is formed by interaction between nonpolar hydrophobic side chains by eliminating water molecules?
Hydrophobic interactions
What is the type of reaction that releases energy by breaking down complex molecules into simpler compounds such as glycolysis?
Exergonic reaction
Which biomolecule is responsible for catalyzing biochemical reactions in the body?
Enzymes
What is the mechanism that influences enzyme activity based on factors such as temperature and pH?
Regulation
What is the name for weak forces of attraction between all atoms, due to oscillating dipoles?
Van der Waals force
Study Notes
Biochemistry Overview
- Biochemistry primarily studies the chemical processes and substances that occur within living organisms.
Biomolecules and Their Importance
- Biomolecules are essential for the structure, function, and regulation of living organisms.
- They play a crucial role in various cellular processes, including metabolism, growth, and response to stimuli.
Biochemical Laboratory Tests
- Biochemical laboratory tests are used to diagnose and monitor diseases, such as diabetes, by measuring the levels of certain biomolecules in the body.
Nucleic Acids
- DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is responsible for the storage and transmission of genetic information.
Hydrogen Bonds
- Hydrogen bonds are formed by the sharing of a hydrogen between two electron donors.
Metabolic Pathways
- Anabolic pathways consume energy to build complicated molecules from simpler compounds, such as proteins, glycogen, and lipids.
- Examples of anabolic pathways include protein synthesis and glycogen synthesis.
Metabolism
- The sum total of the chemical activities of all cells is called metabolism.
- Metabolism involves the breakdown of food and transportation of nutrients to tissues, as well as the synthesis of new molecules.
Cellular Compartmentalization
- The cell membrane prevents interference of metabolic reactions within the cell by compartmentalizing specific reactions.
Citrate Cycle and Respiratory Chain
- The citrate cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle or tricarboxylic acid cycle) and respiratory chain are involved in the breakdown of acetyl-CoA and the generation of ATP during cellular respiration.
Hydrophobic Interactions
- Hydrophobic interactions are formed by the interaction between nonpolar hydrophobic side chains by eliminating water molecules.
Catabolic Reactions
- Catabolic reactions release energy by breaking down complex molecules into simpler compounds, such as glycolysis.
Enzymes
- Enzymes are biological molecules that catalyze biochemical reactions in the body.
Enzyme Regulation
- The activity of enzymes is influenced by factors such as temperature and pH, which can alter the enzyme's shape and activity.
Van der Waals Forces
- Van der Waals forces are weak forces of attraction between all atoms, due to oscillating dipoles.
Test your knowledge of biochemistry and its relevance to medicine with this quiz. Explore topics such as biomolecules, disease, genetics, diagnosis, health, and disease treatment.
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