Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the product of oxidation when a weak oxidizing agent like bromine water acts on the aldehyde group of glucose?
What is the product of oxidation when a weak oxidizing agent like bromine water acts on the aldehyde group of glucose?
- Galactose
- Gluconic acid (correct)
- Glucose
- Galactonic acid
What is the result of oxidation when a moderate oxidizing agent like hydrogen peroxide acts on the primary alcoholic group of glucose?
What is the result of oxidation when a moderate oxidizing agent like hydrogen peroxide acts on the primary alcoholic group of glucose?
- Glucose
- Glucouronic acid (correct)
- Galactose
- Galacturonic acid
What occurs when concentrated nitric acid acts on both the aldehyde and the primary alcoholic groups of galactose?
What occurs when concentrated nitric acid acts on both the aldehyde and the primary alcoholic groups of galactose?
- Glucose
- Galactose
- Glucaric acid
- Galactaric acid (correct)
What is the product of reduction when mannose reacts with reducing reagents?
What is the product of reduction when mannose reacts with reducing reagents?
What is the reduction product of fructose when it reacts with reducing reagents?
What is the reduction product of fructose when it reacts with reducing reagents?
What is the mixture formed when fructose undergoes reduction by means of reducing reagents?
What is the mixture formed when fructose undergoes reduction by means of reducing reagents?
What is the definition of an oligosaccharide?
What is the definition of an oligosaccharide?
Which of the following is a trisaccharide?
Which of the following is a trisaccharide?
What is the composition of sucrose?
What is the composition of sucrose?
Which polysaccharide serves as the main carbohydrate reserve in plants?
Which polysaccharide serves as the main carbohydrate reserve in plants?
Where is glycogen mainly stored in humans and animals?
Where is glycogen mainly stored in humans and animals?
How can polysaccharides be broken down into smaller molecules?
How can polysaccharides be broken down into smaller molecules?
What is the main carbohydrate reserve in animals and yeast?
What is the main carbohydrate reserve in animals and yeast?
What is the composition of lactose?
What is the composition of lactose?
What is the structure of maltose?
What is the structure of maltose?
Which of the following is not a common characteristic of polysaccharides?
Which of the following is not a common characteristic of polysaccharides?
Study Notes
Oxidation of Glucose
- When a weak oxidizing agent like bromine water acts on the aldehyde group of glucose, the product of oxidation is gluconic acid.
- When a moderate oxidizing agent like hydrogen peroxide acts on the primary alcoholic group of glucose, the result of oxidation is gluconic acid and glucose-1-phosphate.
Oxidation of Galactose
- When concentrated nitric acid acts on both the aldehyde and the primary alcoholic groups of galactose, the oxidation products are gluconic acid and galacturonic acid.
Reduction of Mannose and Fructose
- When mannose reacts with reducing reagents, the product of reduction is mannitol.
- When fructose reacts with reducing reagents, the reduction products are sorbitol and a mixture of sorbitol and mannitol.
Oligosaccharides
- An oligosaccharide is a carbohydrate composed of 2-10 monosaccharide units.
- Raffinose is a trisaccharide composed of galactose, glucose, and fructose units.
Composition of Sucrose and Lactose
- Sucrose is composed of glucose and fructose units.
- Lactose is composed of glucose and galactose units.
Polysaccharides
- The main carbohydrate reserve in plants is starch.
- Glycogen is mainly stored in the liver and muscles in humans and animals.
- Polysaccharides can be broken down into smaller molecules through hydrolysis.
- Glycogen is the main carbohydrate reserve in animals and yeast.
- Polysaccharides are typically non-sweet, insoluble in water, and do not have a sweet taste, unlike monosaccharides.
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Description
This quiz covers the chemical reactions of monosaccharides, including reduction and oxidation processes. Presented by Dr. Michael Mounir from the Faculty of Science at Helwan University.
