Biochemistry 1 Lecture 3: Oligosaccharides & Polysaccharides

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Questions and Answers

What is the result of the oxidation of the aldehyde group of glucose by a weak oxidizing agent?

  • Gluconic acid (correct)
  • Galactonic acid
  • Glucose
  • Galactose

Which compound is formed when concentrated nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and the primary alcoholic groups of galactose?

  • Glucaric acid
  • Galactaric acid (correct)
  • Galactose
  • Glucose

What is the product of the oxidation of glucose's primary alcoholic group by a moderate oxidizing agent?

  • Glucouronic acid (correct)
  • Gluconic acid
  • Glucose
  • Glucaric acid

Which compound is formed when concentrated nitric acid oxidizes both the aldehyde and the primary alcoholic groups of glucose?

<p>Glucaric acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the reduction of mannose using a reducing reagent?

<p>Mannitol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product formed by the oxidation of galactose's primary alcoholic group by a moderate oxidizing agent?

<p>Galacturonic acid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of sugar yields 2 to 10 molecules of the same or different monosaccharides on hydrolysis?

<p>Oligosaccharides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the designation for an oligosaccharide that yields 3 molecules of monosaccharide on hydrolysis?

<p>Trisaccharide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is classified as a disaccharide?

<p>Trehalose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of sucrose?

<p>α-D glucose and β-D fructose units (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which polysaccharide is the main reserve of carbohydrates in animals and yeast?

<p>Glycogen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is starch mainly found in plants?

<p>In the roots and stems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of polysaccharides do not taste sweet?

<p>Cellulose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can polysaccharides be broken down into smaller molecules?

<p>Through hydrolysis by adding diluted acid or through enzymatic action (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes homopolysaccharides from heteropolysaccharides?

<p>They have the same type of monosaccharide repeating units (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general formula of carbohydrates?

<p>Cn(H2O)n (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a biological function of carbohydrates?

<p>Serving as a storage form of energy in the body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common example of a carbohydrate?

<p>Glucose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which functional groups are present in carbohydrates?

<p>-OH and C=O (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of carbohydrates in RNA and DNA structure?

<p>Synthesizing ribose sugars (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which compound serves as a structural component of cell membranes?

<p>Glucosamine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for the formation of steroidal hormones such as Cortisol and Sex hormones?

<p>Triglycerides (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a protein-based chemical that acts as a messenger transmitting signals from one cell to another?

<p>Lipoproteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of enzymatic proteins in the body?

<p>Metabolic acceleration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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