Biochemistry: Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids, and Oligosaccharides
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Questions and Answers

What are lipids?

Greasy or oily hydrocarbon derivatives.

What type of macromolecules are proteins and nucleic acids?

Informational macromolecules.

What do some oligosaccharides with six or more different sugars connected in branched chains carry?

Information.

What is the significance of stereoisomers in carbon-containing compounds?

<p>Molecules with the same chemical bonds but different stereochemistry.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are biological interactions between molecules stereospecific?

<p>The 'fit' in such interactions must be stereochemically correct.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is of utmost importance in the biological interactions of biomolecules?

<p>The three-dimensional structure, a combination of configuration and conformation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are biomolecules composed of?

<p>Carbon with a variety of functional groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many different types of bonds can carbon form with hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms?

<p>Single bonds with hydrogen, single and double bonds with oxygen and nitrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the greatest significance of carbon atoms in biology?

<p>Ability to form very stable carbon-carbon single bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the functional groups that characterize alcohols?

<p>Hydroxyl groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way can covalently linked carbon atoms in biomolecules be arranged?

<p>Linear chains, branched chains, and cyclic structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of groups do carboxylic acids contain?

<p>Carboxyl groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bonds join the monomeric subunits in proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides?

<p>Covalent bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four most abundant elements in living organisms?

<p>Hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are macromolecules held together in supramolecular complexes?

<p>Noncovalent interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organic compounds are the building blocks of all proteins?

<p>Amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the parent sugar from which most carbohydrates are derived?

<p>D-glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method is commonly used to characterize the structural and chemical characteristics of a protein?

<p>Purifying the protein from a living organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

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