18 Questions
What are lipids?
Greasy or oily hydrocarbon derivatives.
What type of macromolecules are proteins and nucleic acids?
Informational macromolecules.
What do some oligosaccharides with six or more different sugars connected in branched chains carry?
Information.
What is the significance of stereoisomers in carbon-containing compounds?
Molecules with the same chemical bonds but different stereochemistry.
Why are biological interactions between molecules stereospecific?
The 'fit' in such interactions must be stereochemically correct.
What is of utmost importance in the biological interactions of biomolecules?
The three-dimensional structure, a combination of configuration and conformation.
What are biomolecules composed of?
Carbon with a variety of functional groups
How many different types of bonds can carbon form with hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms?
Single bonds with hydrogen, single and double bonds with oxygen and nitrogen
What is the greatest significance of carbon atoms in biology?
Ability to form very stable carbon-carbon single bonds
What are the functional groups that characterize alcohols?
Hydroxyl groups
In what way can covalently linked carbon atoms in biomolecules be arranged?
Linear chains, branched chains, and cyclic structures
What kind of groups do carboxylic acids contain?
Carboxyl groups
What type of bonds join the monomeric subunits in proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides?
Covalent bonds
What are the four most abundant elements in living organisms?
Hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon
How are macromolecules held together in supramolecular complexes?
Noncovalent interactions
Which organic compounds are the building blocks of all proteins?
Amino acids
What is the parent sugar from which most carbohydrates are derived?
D-glucose
What method is commonly used to characterize the structural and chemical characteristics of a protein?
Purifying the protein from a living organism
This quiz covers the chemical foundation of lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and oligosaccharides. It explores how proteins and nucleic acids carry information in their subunit sequences, and how some oligosaccharides also possess informational characteristics. Additionally, it delves into the three-dimensional structure described by configuration and conformation.
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