BIO 182 Study Guide 1: Chapter 22 - Descent with Modification
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Questions and Answers

What is the main idea behind uniformitarianism?

  • The Earth's features result from slow and continuous processes over vast periods of time. (correct)
  • The Earth's features result from random and unpredictable processes.
  • The Earth's features result from a combination of slow and sudden processes.
  • The Earth's features result from sudden and catastrophic events.

Who proposed the idea that Earth's geologic features were formed gradually?

  • James Hutton (correct)
  • Grand Canyon University
  • Darwin
  • Charles Lyell

According to Charles Lyell, what is the rate at which current geologic processes operate?

  • Random and unpredictable
  • Slower than in the past
  • At the same rate as in the past (correct)
  • Faster than in the past

What did Darwin draw from the study of fossil remains found in sedimentary rock layers?

<p>Traces of organisms from the past (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of gradualism propose for the formation of Earth's geologic features?

<p>Formation through slow and continuous processes over vast periods of time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to James Hutton, how were valleys formed?

<p>Gradually formed by rivers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which concept emphasizes slow and continuous processes shaping the Earth's surface?

<p>Theory of Superposition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who developed the concept of Catastrophism based on sudden, short-lived, and violent events or catastrophes?

<p>Georges Cuvier (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process does Darwin's theory of natural selection not necessarily require?

<p>Catastrophic events (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Descent with Modification posit about the adaptations of organisms?

<p>They have undergone modifications over time. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Cuvier observe in the different layers of strata?

<p>New species disappearing while others appear (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theory implies major changes can occur relatively quickly in geological terms?

<p>Catastrophism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Darwin reason about the age of the Earth based on slow change over time?

<p>It must be older than a few thousand years. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Gradualism differ from Catastrophism in terms of the pace of change?

<p>Gradualism emphasizes slow and continuous processes, whereas Catastrophism suggests relatively quick changes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What influenced Darwin's ideas on evolution?

<p>Study of fossils and geological processes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did gradualism provide a framework for understanding?

<p>Long-term changes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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