Bilingualism and Phonological Processing Quiz

Bilinguals may need to generate explicit phonological expectations in both languages for the target picture.

Top-down connections from the target lead to the activation of competitors, resulting in reduced N400s to mismatches.

Participants may develop explicit target expectation for L1 phonology, but L2 target phonology can still be activated.

<p>Bilinguals would need to generate explicit phonological expectations for the target picture in both languages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rhyme and tonal mismatches within-language can lead to the activation of phonological representations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eyetracking and ERPs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Future research may explore how L1 target phonology is developed alongside activation of L2 target phonology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bottom-up phoneme mapping</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A negative-going central/posterior component peaking at 400 ms post-stimulus onset.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By showing more looks to items that are phonologically related to targets</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps in understanding how words are identified correctly from the target language.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By characterizing the role of phonological similarity through components like PMN and N400.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cohort mismatches result in no modulation of the PMN and late increased N400 negativity compared to unrelated and rhyme mismatches. Rhyme mismatches elicit a PMN and a reduced N400.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The large late N400s for cohort mismatches reflect the simultaneous mismatch of phonology and lexicality, and the effortful processing required when initial bottom-up information matches an expectation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rhyme mismatches elicit a PMN and a reduced N400, while cohort mismatches show no modulation of the PMN and late increased N400 negativity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rhyme competitors are activated via top-down connections, leading to facilitated recognition of rhyme mismatches.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Research has shown that the differential modulation of the PMN and N400 for cohorts and rhymes is robust across typical development in English and in other languages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Future directions in research have been influenced by the differential brain responses to cohorts and rhymes, leading to investigations in diverse languages and development stages.</p> Signup and view all the answers