Bilingual Education and CLIL Methodology
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Questions and Answers

In what year was the term CLIL created?

  • 1990
  • 1998
  • 1994 (correct)
  • 2000

    • The Czech Republic started practicing CLIL in 1998.

    True

    Who is the founder of CLIL?

    David Marsh

    CLIL promotes a blend of content, communication, cognition, and ______.

    <p>culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which country started practicing CLIL in 1997?

    <p>Hungary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    David Marsh was born in the UK.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following countries with the years they adopted CLIL:

    <p>Finland = 1996 Hungary = 1997 Poland = 1999 Germany = 2000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four parameters considered in a CLIL model?

    <p>Content, Communication, Cognition, Culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    CLIL integrates foreign language learning with ______ subjects.

    <p>academic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which country practiced bilingual education from 1960?

    <p>Germany</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bilingual education focuses on teaching the curriculum in a language that is not the majority language of society?

    <p>Immersion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In submersion education, students are taught in their native language only.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of CLIL methodology?

    <p>To integrate content learning and language learning simultaneously.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In ______ education, language minority children are taught in the language of the majority group.

    <p>submersion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which form of education are students immersed in their second language during all subjects?

    <p>Immersion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Students in a CLIL classroom do not develop language skills while learning content.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a CLIL biology class, students learn about cellular structures and functions in ______.

    <p>English</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of immersion education?

    <p>Students are taught in a second language without much emphasis on the language itself.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the type of bilingual education with its description:

    <p>Immersion = Teaching subjects in a non-majority language Submersion = Integration of linguistic minority children in majority language classes CLIL = Simultaneously teaching content and language skills Transitional Bilingual Education = Supporting students' transition to the majority language</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Provide an example of a subject taught in Spanish in a U.S. elementary school.

    <p>Math or science</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a requirement for subject teachers in a Language Integrated Learning environment?

    <p>Ability to check pronunciation of subject-specific vocabulary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Language is used only for communication in a CLIL classroom.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does CLIL stand for?

    <p>Content Language Integrated Learning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    One of the basic principles of CLIL is that the subject matter determines the language needed to _____ .

    <p>learn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following strategies with their descriptions:

    <p>Holistic educational experience = Activating prior knowledge and sustainable learning Set your goals = Meaningful, challenging and authentic Adapt to differing cognitive levels = Make it H.O.T. (High Order Thinking) Check student involvement = Rich interaction and pushed output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following elements does Coyle's 4Cs curriculum NOT include?

    <p>Creativity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the 4 C's in CLIL?

    <p>Creativity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A CLIL lesson can be considered solely a language lesson.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four skills that should be combined in a CLIL lesson?

    <p>Listening, Reading, Speaking, Writing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Monitoring the cognitive levels of students is crucial in a CLIL classroom.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one aspect that both language teachers and subject teachers need to be confident about.

    <p>Methodology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a CLIL lesson, learners develop _____ skills which link concept formation.

    <p>thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Teachers should provide _____ tasks to enhance collaborative learning.

    <p>Collaborative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components of Coyle's 4Cs with their definitions:

    <p>Content = Progression in knowledge and skills related to a curriculum Communication = Using language to learn and learning to use language Cognition = Developing thinking skills linked to understanding Culture = Exposure to alternative perspectives and shared understandings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about classroom culture in a CLIL classroom is correct?

    <p>It adds (Inter-)cultural dimension to learning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which skill is considered subordinate to fluency in a speaking activity within a CLIL lesson?

    <p>Grammar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    CLIL lessons focus on structural grading of language.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the writing skill in a CLIL lesson?

    <p>Lexical activities through which grammar is recycled</p> Signup and view all the answers

    CLIL lessons promote the integration of _____ skills and receptive and productive skills.

    <p>language</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the model of CLIL enable in lesson planning?

    <p>Multifocal lesson planning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    CLIL Methodology

    • CLIL methodology encompasses guiding principles and lesson planning.
    • A key figure associated is PhD. Kymbat Smakora.

    Types of Bilingual Education

    • Three types of bilingual education exist: Immersion, CLIL, and Submersion.
    • These are categorized based on differing educational approaches.

    Immersion

    • Immersion focuses on teaching a country's other language or regional language, often a non-dominant language in the society.
    • The language used as the medium of instruction is typically a different official language of the country.
    • Examples include Canada, Belgium, Ireland, Luxembourg, Malta, Finland, and Switzerland, as well as Slovenia and the United Kingdom.

    CLIL

    • Students are immersed in a second language across all subjects.
    • The target language is often assumed as readily available, with less focus on language development itself.
    • Focus is on using language for content, alongside linguistic, semantic, and pragmatic support for both content learning and assessment.
    • CLIL is presented as a contrasting model to Immersion and Submersion, based on the integrated approach.

    Submersion

    • Submersion prioritizes the linguistic and cultural integration of migrants (the linguistic minority).
    • The aim is to develop language skills in the language of the majority group, for access to curriculum and daily life, both inside and outside school.
    • The emphasis is often on linguistic and cultural integration rather than native language development in learners.

    CLIL vs. Immersion vs. Submersion

    • A classroom example contrasting immersion, submersion and CLIL was presented.
    • A biology class conducted in English demonstrates CLIL principles.
    • The course integrates content (biology) and language (English) seamlessly.

    CLIL's History

    • The term CLIL was coined in 1994 by David Marsh.
    • Several countries practice CLIL, including the Netherlands (since 2007), Slovakia (since 2008), Germany (since 2000—bilingual schools from 1960), Finland (since 1996), Hungary (since 1997), Czech Republic (since 1998), and Poland (since 1999).

    CLIL Founder

    • David Marsh is the founder of CLIL, born in Australia, educated in the UK, and currently working in Finland.
    • He has substantial experience in teacher development, research, and consultancy across various countries.

    CLIL Parameters

    • CLIL methodologies should consider the interconnectedness of communication, language learning theories, culture, content, and cognition.
    • Intercultural learning plays a critical role.

    4Cs of CLIL

    • The 4Cs – Content, Communication, Cognition, and Culture (Community/Citizenship) – guide lesson planning in CLIL.
    • Each C includes sample questions to frame a lesson plan to aid in planning effective lessons.

    Examples of 4Cs in Action

    • Specific terms, such as "agreeing and disagreeing," "asking questions," "clarifying what has been said," demonstrate the emphasis on communication in CLIL.
    • Other concepts like "perception," "thought," "intelligence," demonstrate the role of cognition in CLIL methodologies.
    • Cultural aspects, such as beliefs, diversity, traditions, and shared backgrounds, are also central to effective CLIL education.

    CLIL Strategies

    • Holistic experience, setting meaningful and challenging goals.
    • Student involvement, scaffolding, adapting to diverse levels, awareness of classroom culture, support for learning, assessment, and reflection.
    • Focus on creating authentic situations for learning, fostering higher order thinking, and combining input, tasks, and output.

    CLIL Lesson Characteristics

    • A CLIL lesson is neither a language nor subject lesson; it combines elements of content, communication, cognition, and culture.
    • The content relates to a particular subject, such as science, and fosters understanding of concepts, skills, and knowledge progression.
    • Communication facilitates using the second language to learn.
    • Cognition builds thinking skills related to concept formation.
    • Culture involves experiencing alternative perspectives to foster intercultural awareness.

    CLIL Framework

    • A CLIL lesson integrates content and language equally and follows a four-stage framework.

    CLIL Pyramid (Meyer, 2010)

    • A pyramid model of CLIL lessons featuring stages of topic selection, media choice, and task design.
    • These aspects support the practical application of the 4Cs.

    CLIL Advantages

    • The model promotes multifocal lesson planning (content, communication, cognition, and culture).
    • It aids higher order thinking, and essential planning and teaching strategies.
    • CLIL accommodates multi-modal input, diverse learning styles, and various interaction models.
    • Intercultural awareness is a primary feature.

    Language skills in CLIL

    • All four language skills (listening, reading, speaking, and writing) are essential and integrated in CLIL lessons
    • Reading is the major source of input.
    • Speaking emphasizes fluency, while accuracy is important.
    • Writing reinforces and recycles grammar concepts.

    CLIL Characteristics for ELT Teachers

    • CLIL lessons integrate language and skills, frequently using texts and passages.
    • Language focus in lessons prioritizes functionality over structural progression.
    • Language is context-based and approaches vocabulary rather than grammar-centric structures.
    • Learner preferences are considered in task design.

    References

    • Several references, including works by Coyle, D and Meyer, O., are cited for specific CLIL models and approaches.

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    Description

    Explore the key concepts of CLIL methodology and its underlying principles in bilingual education. Learn about different types of bilingual education, including immersion and CLIL, and discover how they shape language instruction in various countries.

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