Behaviorism and Classical Conditioning

Questions and Answers

Who was the founder/creator of classical conditioning?

Ivan Pavlov

Define classical conditioning.

Pairing of a neutral stimulus with a natural stimulus to produce a response.

What learning theory states: Learning is basically a matter of developing a response to a stimulus, that didn't originally call forth that response?

Classical conditioning

(Classical conditioning data) What is the Neutral Stimulus (NS)?

Did not previously produce a response Signup and view all the answers

(Classical conditioning data) What is the Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)?

Normally brings a response Signup and view all the answers

(Classical conditioning data) What is the Unconditioned Response (UCR)?

Natural response to UCS Signup and view all the answers

(Classical conditioning data) What is the Conditioned Stimulus (CS)?

Does not normally bring a response (previously NS) Signup and view all the answers

(Classical conditioning data) What is the Conditioned Response (CR)?

Resulting response (taught) Signup and view all the answers

(Classical conditioning data) What is extinction?

CR disappears after repeated presentation of CS alone Signup and view all the answers

(Classical conditioning data) What is spontaneous recovery?

Return of CR to CS after period of extinction Signup and view all the answers

What did Pavlov study that proved his classical conditioning theory and earned him a Nobel Peace Prize?

Salivation of dogs Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Ivan Pavlov and Classical Conditioning

Ivan Pavlov is recognized as the founder of classical conditioning, a key concept in behaviorism.
Classical conditioning involves pairing a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a conditioned response.
This learning theory emphasizes that responses can be developed toward stimuli that initially do not provoke them.

Key Terminology in Classical Conditioning

Neutral Stimulus (NS): A stimulus that does not elicit any response before conditioning occurs.
Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS): A stimulus that naturally triggers a response without prior conditioning.
Unconditioned Response (UCR): The automatic, natural response that occurs when the UCS is presented.
Conditioned Stimulus (CS): Initially a neutral stimulus that, after being paired with the UCS, begins to elicit a response.
Conditioned Response (CR): The learned response to the conditioned stimulus, established through conditioning.

Important Concepts

Extinction occurs when the conditioned response diminishes and eventually disappears after repeated presentations of the conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus.
Spontaneous Recovery refers to the reappearance of the conditioned response after a period of extinction has occurred.
Pavlov's research primarily focused on the salivation response in dogs, which became a foundational study demonstrating classical conditioning principles.
His work earned him a Nobel Prize, highlighting the significance of his discoveries in behavioral science.

Description

Explore the fundamentals of classical conditioning as established by Ivan Pavlov. This quiz will test your understanding of key concepts and definitions related to behaviorism and learning theories. Perfect for students of psychology and education.