Questions and Answers
What is behavioral genetics?
What are chromosomes?
Threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes.
What is DNA?
A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes.
What is a gene?
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What is a genome?
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What are fraternal twins?
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What are identical twins?
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What is heritability?
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What does it mean to interact?
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Who is an evolutionary psychologist?
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What is natural selection?
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What are mutations?
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What are monozygotic twins?
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What are dizygotic twins?
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What are separated twins known for?
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Study Notes
Behavioral Genetics
- Examines how genes and environment influence behavior.
- Focuses on the extent of genetic versus environmental contributions.
Chromosomes
- Composed of DNA, these structures carry genetic information.
- Contain genes, which are the basic units of heredity.
DNA
- A complex molecule that encodes genetic information.
- Forms the structure of chromosomes.
Gene
- Segments of DNA that direct the synthesis of proteins.
- Fundamental units of heredity across organisms.
Genome
- Represents the complete genetic blueprint of an organism.
- Contains all genetic material required for development and functioning.
Fraternal Twins
- Also known as dizygotic twins.
- Arise from two separate fertilized eggs, sharing about 50% of their genes.
Identical Twins
- Also referred to as monozygotic twins.
- Formed from a single fertilized egg that divides, sharing 100% of their genetic material.
Heritability
- Measures the degree to which variation in a trait is attributable to genetic differences.
- Heritability estimates can fluctuate depending on the population and environment studied.
Interaction
- Refers to how the impact of one factor (like environment) can depend on another (like genetics).
- Highlights the complex interplay between genetics and environmental influences on behavior.
Evolutionary Psychology
- Investigates behavioral and mental processes through the lens of natural selection.
- Aims to understand the evolutionary basis for various psychological traits and behaviors.
Natural Selection
- A principle where traits that enhance survival and reproduction are more likely to be passed to future generations.
- Key mechanism of evolution affecting genetic diversity.
Mutations
- Refers to random changes during gene replication that introduce new variations.
- Can lead to beneficial, neutral, or harmful effects on an organism.
Monozygotic Twins
- Identical twins formed when a single fertilized egg splits, resulting in two genetically identical individuals.
Dizygotic Twins
- Fraternal twins that develop from two separate fertilized eggs, sharing roughly 50% of their genetic characteristics.
Separated Twins
- Twins raised in different environments can still display remarkably similar behaviors, suggesting genetic influences are strong.
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Description
Explore the key concepts in behavioral genetics with these flashcards designed for AP Psychology students. Each card covers essential terms like chromosomes, DNA, and genes, providing a concise definition to enhance your understanding of the subject. Perfect for quick reviews or exam preparation!
