Behavioral Genetics AP Psych Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is behavioral genetics?

  • The study of twin behavior
  • The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior (correct)
  • The study of environmental influences on behavior
  • The study of genetic influences on behavior

    • What are chromosomes?

    Threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes.

    What is DNA?

    A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes.

    What is a gene?

    <p>The biochemical units of heredity that make up the chromosomes; segments of DNA capable of synthesizing a protein.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a genome?

    <p>The complete instructions for making an organism, consisting of all the genetic material.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are fraternal twins?

    <p>Develop from separate fertilized eggs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are identical twins?

    <p>Develop from a single fertilized egg that splits into two.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is heritability?

    <p>The proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean to interact?

    <p>The interplay that occurs when the effect of one factor depends on another factor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is an evolutionary psychologist?

    <p>Someone who studies the roots of behavior and mental processes using the principles of natural selection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is natural selection?

    <p>The principle that inherited trait variations contributing to reproduction and survival will likely be passed on.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are mutations?

    <p>A random error in gene replication that leads to a change.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are monozygotic twins?

    <p>Develop from a single fertilized egg that splits into two.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are dizygotic twins?

    <p>Develop from separate fertilized eggs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are separated twins known for?

    <p>Often exhibit identical behavior despite not being in the same environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Behavioral Genetics

    • Examines how genes and environment influence behavior.
    • Focuses on the extent of genetic versus environmental contributions.

    Chromosomes

    • Composed of DNA, these structures carry genetic information.
    • Contain genes, which are the basic units of heredity.

    DNA

    • A complex molecule that encodes genetic information.
    • Forms the structure of chromosomes.

    Gene

    • Segments of DNA that direct the synthesis of proteins.
    • Fundamental units of heredity across organisms.

    Genome

    • Represents the complete genetic blueprint of an organism.
    • Contains all genetic material required for development and functioning.

    Fraternal Twins

    • Also known as dizygotic twins.
    • Arise from two separate fertilized eggs, sharing about 50% of their genes.

    Identical Twins

    • Also referred to as monozygotic twins.
    • Formed from a single fertilized egg that divides, sharing 100% of their genetic material.

    Heritability

    • Measures the degree to which variation in a trait is attributable to genetic differences.
    • Heritability estimates can fluctuate depending on the population and environment studied.

    Interaction

    • Refers to how the impact of one factor (like environment) can depend on another (like genetics).
    • Highlights the complex interplay between genetics and environmental influences on behavior.

    Evolutionary Psychology

    • Investigates behavioral and mental processes through the lens of natural selection.
    • Aims to understand the evolutionary basis for various psychological traits and behaviors.

    Natural Selection

    • A principle where traits that enhance survival and reproduction are more likely to be passed to future generations.
    • Key mechanism of evolution affecting genetic diversity.

    Mutations

    • Refers to random changes during gene replication that introduce new variations.
    • Can lead to beneficial, neutral, or harmful effects on an organism.

    Monozygotic Twins

    • Identical twins formed when a single fertilized egg splits, resulting in two genetically identical individuals.

    Dizygotic Twins

    • Fraternal twins that develop from two separate fertilized eggs, sharing roughly 50% of their genetic characteristics.

    Separated Twins

    • Twins raised in different environments can still display remarkably similar behaviors, suggesting genetic influences are strong.

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    Description

    Explore the key concepts in behavioral genetics with these flashcards designed for AP Psychology students. Each card covers essential terms like chromosomes, DNA, and genes, providing a concise definition to enhance your understanding of the subject. Perfect for quick reviews or exam preparation!

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