Behavior Modification Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is escape extinction?

Not allowing the individual to escape what they were trying to avoid

What is an example of positive punishment?

Taking away privileges

Telling someone 'no' when they are about to run into the street (correct)

Ignoring the behavior

Giving a reward for good behavior

What does punishment serve to achieve?

Reduce the behavior

What involves differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO)?

Setting an interval for the problem behavior not to be displayed & reinforcing if it is not displayed Signup and view all the answers

What function of behavior involves avoiding a task or interaction?

Escape Signup and view all the answers

What is the best course of action to take in the event of an extinction burst?

Continue the intervention Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a motivating operation?

Jan is hungry, so she works harder to get crackers as a reward Signup and view all the answers

How does extinction of behavior maintained by positive reinforcement work?

Taking away the reinforcer for problem behavior Signup and view all the answers

What does spontaneous recovery refer to?

Sudden reoccurrence of behavior that was extinguished Signup and view all the answers

What does the quote 'All behavior has a communicative intent' imply?

Behavior always serves a purpose for the person engaging in the behavior Signup and view all the answers

In which situations is differential reinforcement of low rates of behavior (DRL) used?

Behaviors that are acceptable at low rates Signup and view all the answers

How does differential reinforcement work?

Reinforcing only the behaviors that should be increased while removing reinforcement from behaviors that should be decreased Signup and view all the answers

How does extinction work?

Abruptly stopping reinforcement for problem behavior Signup and view all the answers

What could ensure that an intervention involving the use of punishment is effective?

Collecting & reviewing intervention data Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of overcorrection?

Marty had to clean the bathroom wall because she wrote on it Signup and view all the answers

What does Type 1 punishment involve?

Adding a condition to reduce a behavior Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of negative punishment?

Paying a speeding ticket Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) and differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI)?

The reinforcement behavior selected in DRA does not have to be incompatible with the problem behavior Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of Type 1 punishment?

When Austin hits his sister, his mother reprimands him & he doesn't hit her anymore Signup and view all the answers

What are common reasons or 'functions' of behaviors?

Gain attention, gain items, escape, & sensory stimulation Signup and view all the answers

What are variables that play a role in behavior frequency & intensity called?

Motivating Operations Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a behavior that could be placed on a differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI) plan?

Rosa sings instead of screaming Signup and view all the answers

What is extinction?

A behavior reduction procedure that works by abruptly stopping reinforcement for a previously rewarded behavior Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of escape extinction?

When the individual refuses to do a task, the task is kept near him until he attempts it Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Behavior Modification Techniques

Escape Extinction: Prevents individuals from avoiding tasks; they must face the situation without the option to escape.
Positive Punishment Example: Prevents dangerous behaviors, such as saying "no" to deter someone from running into the street.
Punishment Function: Stimulus follows a behavior to decrease its occurrence and discourage re-engagement.

Reinforcement Strategies

Differential Reinforcement of Other Behavior (DRO): Involves setting intervals to reinforce the absence of a problem behavior.
Motivating Operation Example: Hunger drives Jan to work harder for food rewards, showcasing motivational influences on behavior.
Differential Reinforcement Method: Focuses on reinforcing target behaviors while withholding reinforcement for undesired behaviors.

Behavior Responses and Recovery

Spontaneous Recovery: Unexpected return of an extinguished behavior, highlighting persistence in behavior patterns.
Extinction Process: Involves halting reinforcement for undesired behaviors, leading to eventual reduction.

Guidelines for Interventions

Addressing Extinction Bursts: Continuing intervention is crucial even when resistance (extinction bursts) is observed.
Intervention Effectiveness: Collecting and reviewing data from interventions involving punishment ensures their success.

Applications of Punishment

Type 1 Punishment: Involves adding an aversive condition to decrease a behavior, such as reprimanding a child.
Negative Punishment Example: Paying a speeding ticket serves as a consequence that deters future speeding.

Behavior Functions

Common Behavior Functions: Includes gaining attention, acquiring items, escaping situations, and sensory stimulation.
Differential Reinforcement Variants: DRA reinforces an alternative behavior, which doesn’t need to be incompatible with the problem behavior, unlike DRI, which requires incompatibility.

Correction Strategies

Overcorrection Example: Individuals may face consequences that involve corrective actions, such as cleaning for vandalism.
Behavioral Replacement in DRI: Encourages alternative behaviors that cannot coexist with undesired actions, like singing instead of screaming.

Behavior Reduction Concepts

Extinction: Defined as ceasing reinforcement for previously rewarded actions to decrease frequency.
Effective Behavior Change: Requires understanding motivating operations that influence the frequency and intensity of behaviors.

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Description

Explore key concepts in behavior modification with these flashcards. Each card highlights important terms and their definitions, focusing on punishment and reinforcement strategies. Ideal for psychology students or anyone interested in behavioral theories.