Behavior Modification Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What does differential reinforcement work by?

Reinforcing only the behaviors that should be increased while removing reinforcement from behaviors that should be decreased.

What is the purpose of punishment following a behavior?

Reduce the behavior.

Which function of behavior involves avoiding a task or interaction?

Escape.

What is the difference between DRA and DRI?

<p>The replacement behavior selected in DRA does not have to be incompatible with the problem behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of overcorrection?

<p>Marty had to clean the bathroom wall because she wrote on it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a motivating operation?

<p>Jan is hungry, so she works harder to get crackers as a reward.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does extinction work?

<p>Abruptly stopping reinforcement for problem behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the quote 'All behavior has a communicative intent' mean?

<p>Behavior always serves a purpose for the person engaging in the behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which situations are differential reinforcement of low rates of behavior (DRL) used?

<p>Behaviors that are acceptable at low rates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO) involve?

<p>Setting an interval for the problem behavior not to be displayed and reinforcing if it is not displayed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does extinction of behavior maintained by positive reinforcement work?

<p>Taking away the reinforcer for problem behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should a behavior reduction plan be considered?

<p>When environmental variables for behavior are ruled out.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does spontaneous recovery refer to?

<p>Sudden reoccurrence of behavior that was extinguished.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of negative punishment?

<p>Paying a speeding ticket.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does extinction of behavior maintained by positive reinforcement work?

<p>Taking away the reinforcer for problem behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What could ensure that an intervention involving punishment is effective?

<p>Collecting and reviewing intervention data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best course of action to take in the event of an extinction burst?

<p>Continue the intervention.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does type 1 punishment involve?

<p>Adding a condition to reduce a behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of punishment following a behavior?

<p>Reduce the behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Differential Reinforcement

  • Differential reinforcement increases desired behaviors while decreasing undesired ones through selective reinforcement.
  • Differential Reinforcement of Alternative behavior (DRA) allows for any appropriate replacement behavior, while Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible behavior (DRI) requires the replacement behavior to be impossible to perform simultaneously with the undesired behavior.

Punishment

  • Punishment refers to a stimulus presented after a behavior, intended to decrease that behavior.
  • Type 1 punishment involves adding something unpleasant to reduce a behavior, like receiving a speeding ticket.

Behavior Functions

  • Escape behavior functions are characterized by actions taken to avoid tasks or interactions.
  • Behaviors can be maintained through positive reinforcement or can require extinction methods to reduce their frequency.

Extinction

  • Extinction eliminates undesired behavior by stopping reinforcement.
  • A sudden reappearance of an extinguished behavior is known as spontaneous recovery.
  • For interventions to work effectively against behaviors maintained by positive reinforcement, the reinforcer must be removed.

Motivating Operations

  • Motivating operations impact the effectiveness of reinforcers; for example, hunger can increase motivation for a reward like crackers.

Intervention Strategies

  • Differential Reinforcement of Low Rates (DRL) is applied to behaviors that are acceptable but should occur less frequently.
  • Differential Reinforcement of Other behavior (DRO) involves reinforcing the absence of the undesired behavior within a set timeframe.

Data Collection and Interventions

  • To ensure punishment interventions are effective, it is vital to collect and review data to assess their impact.
  • If an extinction burst occurs (an increase in the undesired behavior before it decreases), the best response is to persist with the intervention plan.

Behavior Reduction Plans

  • The need for a behavior reduction plan arises only when environmental factors influencing the behavior have been eliminated.

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Test your knowledge on decreasing behaviors through differential reinforcement and punishment. These flashcards cover key concepts essential for understanding behavior modification strategies. Ideal for psychology students and professionals.

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