Basic Life Support Guidelines 2021
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Questions and Answers

What is the first action to take after performing 30 chest compressions during Basic Life Support?

  • Open the airway. (correct)
  • Start automatic external defibrillator (AED).
  • Call for emergency help.
  • Provide rescue breaths.
  • What technique is recommended for keeping the airway open during rescue breathing?

  • Pinch the victim's nose and lift their chin. (correct)
  • Push down on the abdomen.
  • Turn the victim onto their side.
  • Cover the victim's mouth with a cloth.
  • How long should effective rescue breaths take?

  • Approximately 1 second each. (correct)
  • Approximately 2 seconds each.
  • Instantly without timing.
  • More than 3 seconds each.
  • What should be done with the victim's mouth while giving rescue breaths?

    <p>Allow it to open naturally.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical step to ensure effective rescue breathing?

    <p>Seal the victim's mouth completely.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about rescue breaths is NOT correct?

    <p>Rescue breaths should be forceful and continuous.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do after achieving an open airway?

    <p>Give rescue breaths.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using fingers to pinch the victim's nose during rescue breaths?

    <p>To create a seal for effective airflow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the immediate action that should be taken if defibrillation is not indicated?

    <p>Start CPR with 30 compressions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is it appropriate to discontinue CPR for rhythm analysis?

    <p>After about two minutes of CPR.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a witness is alone and needs to call emergency services, what should they do first?

    <p>Call the emergency number before starting CPR.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How deep should chest compressions be performed?

    <p>At least 5 cm but not deeper than 6 cm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended compression rate during CPR?

    <p>100–120 compressions per minute.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should not be delayed when an AED is ready for use?

    <p>The defibrillation process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about fully automated AEDs is true?

    <p>They have not been sufficiently tested for safety.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the priority action when a person is unresponsive and not breathing properly?

    <p>Perform CPR immediately.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial step to take when a person is unconscious and not breathing?

    <p>Call an ambulance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is recommended to start if a person is unresponsive and not breathing?

    <p>Basic Life Support (BLS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When performing CPR, how many chest compressions should be done before giving rescue breaths?

    <p>30 compressions followed by 2 breaths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What situation does the ILCOR CoSTR document emphasize as a barrier to saving lives?

    <p>Airway obstruction caused by a foreign body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do if an AED becomes available at the scene?

    <p>Turn on the AED and follow its prompts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical step to follow after administering a shock with the AED?

    <p>Continue CPR, starting with chest compressions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is agonal breathing interpreted in the context of cardiac arrest?

    <p>As a symptom of cardiac arrest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the AED pads be applied to the victim?

    <p>Following the placement instructions on the pads and AED</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant update made in the guidelines regarding CPR during the COVID-19 pandemic?

    <p>Protocols for protecting rescuers are developed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should rescuers refer to for the latest guidance on treating patients with COVID-19?

    <p>National guidelines and European Resuscitation Council recommendations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be ensured while the AED is analyzing the victim's heart rhythm?

    <p>No one is touching the victim</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is NOT a step in using an AED?

    <p>Ensure the victim is wet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When were the recent guidelines for CPR made available for public consultation?

    <p>October 2020</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct action if multiple rescuers are available?

    <p>Perform CPR in turns while the AED is being attached</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During early moments of cardiac arrest, which of the following symptoms might be observed?

    <p>Short episode of twitching movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of the system for treating COVID-19 patients remains uncertain?

    <p>Optimal treatment protocols and infection transmission risks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What actions can non-healthcare workers perform in an emergency situation?

    <p>Perform chest compressions and use an AED</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common misconception about agonal breathing?

    <p>It indicates the presence of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology is suggested for aiding emergency medical services?

    <p>Smartphones and video communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be suspected if someone suddenly stops speaking while eating?

    <p>Suffocation caused by a foreign body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between agonal breathing and survival outcomes?

    <p>It is associated with improved outcomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a first aider encourage a choking victim to do?

    <p>Cough forcefully</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a term commonly used by non-healthcare workers to describe agonal breathing?

    <p>Normal breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor complicates the recognition of cardiac arrest events?

    <p>Misinterpretation of agonal breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Basic Life Support (BLS) Guidelines

    • Procedure for Basic Life Support includes a series of immediate actions taken during a cardiac arrest or when a person is unresponsive.
    • Start with 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths if trained.
    • Ensure airway is clear by tilting the head back and lifting the chin while pinching the nose.

    Shoulders and Compression Technique

    • Compress the lower half of the sternum to a depth of at least 5 cm but not more than 6 cm.
    • Maintain a compression rate of 100-120 per minute.
    • High-quality chest compressions are critical and should be started as soon as possible.

    Rescue Breaths

    • For rescue breaths, create an airtight seal over the victim’s mouth and deliver air slowly over one second for each breath.
    • Allow the chest to rise visibly with each breath.

    Use of AED (Automated External Defibrillator)

    • Locate an AED promptly, as its use is vital within the cardiac arrest response.
    • Turn on the AED immediately when it arrives, and follow voice or visual prompts.
    • Apply electrodes to the victim’s chest according to the device instructions.

    Communicating with Emergency Services

    • Contact emergency services as soon as a person is found unresponsive and not breathing.
    • If alone, use speakerphone mode to initiate a call while starting CPR on the victim.

    Management of Agonal Breathing

    • Agonal breathing is a sign of severe distress and should be treated as if the person is not breathing.
    • This abnormal breathing often indicates a cardiac arrest and may improve outcomes if recognized early.

    Choking Response

    • Choking is suspected when an individual suddenly cannot speak or breathe, especially while eating.
    • Encourage the victim to cough if conscious; if they cannot, deliver back blows and abdominal thrusts until the airway is clear.

    Resuscitation in COVID-19 Context

    • BLS guidelines have been updated to include considerations for treating patients with COVID-19, ensuring safety for rescuers due to the risk of infection.
    • Follow local and national guidelines related to the management of COVID-19 patients during resuscitation.

    Importance of Immediate Action

    • Begin CPR immediately if a person shows no signs of responsiveness or normal breathing.
    • The faster high-quality compressions and rescue breaths are administered, the greater the chance of survival.

    Training and Awareness

    • Public awareness and training in CPR and AED usage are crucial to improving outcomes in cardiac arrest cases.
    • Non-healthcare professionals can effectively perform CPR and operate an AED, contributing significantly to community health.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the essential steps for performing Basic Life Support (BLS) as outlined in the 2021 resuscitation guidelines. It provides a clear and concise review of the procedures that can save lives in emergency situations. Test your knowledge on resuscitation techniques and ensure you are prepared for critical scenarios.

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