Basic Concepts of Psychological Testing

<p>Professional standards for responsible test use (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Society shapes testing through historical needs and laws (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The involvement of professionals without formal psychological training (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Scientifically grounded assessment methods (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deceased individuals through psychological autopsies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To reveal underlying needs, fears, and motivations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hermann Rorschach (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Accurate and equitable assessment across diverse populations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It overestimated deficiencies in non-English speakers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By interpreting narratives based on ambiguous images. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Applied tradition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Beliefs, behaviors, and products of work shared by a group. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They administer preliminary tests to diverse cultural samples. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To license professionals like physicians and attorneys (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To improve products and environments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It ensures test results are reliable and valid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Assessment methods are diverse and creativity is key (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To note any unusual occurrences during testing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To analyze creativity and cognitive abilities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide the same opportunities as those without disabilities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Assessing consumer reactions and product strategies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Speed and accuracy of responses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ability tests assess potential while personality tests evaluate dispositions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Numerical reasoning tests (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They offer fixed response options through self-reports. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They contribute significantly to nation-building and development. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diagnostic test (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They involve participants responding to ambiguous stimuli. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The scientific study of human behavior and mental processes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Relevance to referral reasons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Talk to family members or legal guardians (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ensure only agreed-upon persons have access (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In non-technical language (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Qualified personnel (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adherence to current scientific knowledge (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Signed permission from the client (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To observe and record specific behaviors over time. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Medical Records (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Research surrounding the creation of a test prototype. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Likert Scale (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Constructed-Response Format (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Assessing how one stimulus measures against every other stimulus. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A set of questions designated for a final test version. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social Work Reports (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Assessing attitudes on a fixed range of positive to negative responses. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Binary Choice (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A single measurement scale for a trait. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Method of Paired Comparisons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Assigning values for systematic measurement. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A computer-administered test that adjusts its difficulty based on the test-taker's performance.

The computer in CAT changes the questions based on your answers.

Immediate score feedback during a computer-adaptive test to enhance engagement and performance.

Using computers to support test administrators, rather than test-takers.

Professionals who create psychological tests and assessments.

Individuals undergoing psychological assessments.

Professionals using psychological tests (e.g., clinicians, HR).

Society shapes psychological testing through its needs to understand individuals and their differences.

Psychological assessments are used for various purposes, including improving products, evaluating environments, assessing consumer reactions for marketing, credentialing professionals, academic research, legal decisions, program evaluations, and identifying psychological issues in individuals with disabilities.

Psychological assessments utilize diverse methods, limited only by creativity, to measure different aspects of individuals and situations.

Responsible test administration requires careful consideration before, during, and after the assessment, including selecting appropriate tests, ensuring confidentiality, establishing rapport, safeguarding test protocols, communicating results clearly, and documenting unusual occurrences.

Assessments are conducted for individuals with disabilities for the same purposes as those without disabilities, such as employment, licensure, and screening for psychological concerns.

Selecting a suitable test for the individual and ensuring confidentiality of test content are crucial before conducting an assessment.

Establishing rapport with the test-taker, especially in one-on-one or small group settings, is essential during an assessment.

Safeguarding test protocols, clearly communicating results, and documenting any unusual occurrences during testing are essential after completing an assessment.

Measurement methods are not limited and are diverse and dependent on imagination; many types of assessment tools are used for different purposes.

Psychological tests using ambiguous stimuli (like inkblots) to reveal underlying needs, fears, and motivations, rather than relying directly on self-report.

A specific projective test using inkblots designed by Hermann Rorschach to understand personality.

Recognizing and addressing the influence of culture on test performance to ensure the tests are fair and accurate for diverse populations.

Culture encompasses shared behavior patterns, beliefs, and products within a group, often learned from parents, peers, and institutions.

Significant influence on cultural perceptions of gender, race, and expectations on individuals.

Early intelligence tests used by the US Public Health Service for immigrants.

Goddard's adaptation of Binet's tests to immigrants was flawed; the translation overestimated deficiencies in non-English speakers.

Modern test developers test early versions of tests on diverse cultural groups to spot potential biases.

Educating clients about the nature of services, financial arrangements, potential risks, and confidentiality limits before they agree to participate.

Maintaining confidentiality and testing security during assessments using third-party interpreters.

Choosing assessment tools that match the referral reasons and the purpose of the evaluation.

Using standardized, accurate, and reliable tests that have data relevant to the client's group.

Sharing test results only with authorized individuals and withholding raw data or sensitive information unless legally required.

Explaining assessment findings to clients, families, or referrers using clear and understandable language.

Ensuring assessment materials are handled only by professionals trained in their use.

Creating assessment tools based on sound scientific principles, valid measurements, and proper testing procedures.

A person's outward expression of emotion, encompassing facial expression, tone of voice, and body language. It reflects how someone feels internally.

Nonverbal communication through physical cues such as posture, gestures, facial expressions, and eye contact. It conveys feelings, intentions, and attitudes.

A process where a person systematically observes and records their own behavior, thoughts, and feelings, often over a set period of time.

Documents containing a person's medical history, including past illnesses, treatments, and current health conditions.

Documents containing information about a student's academic performance, attendance, and behavior in school.

A document written by a professional (e.g., doctor, therapist) referring a person to another professional for further assessment or treatment.

Written or creative materials that reflect a person's inner thoughts, feelings, and experiences, such as diaries, poems, or artwork.

Documents containing information about a person's family background, social relationships, and involvement with social services.

Examples of a person's written work (letters, essays, etc.) used to assess their writing skills, vocabulary, grammar, and clarity.

Observing and evaluating a person's reading skills in a less structured setting, looking for signs of difficulty or strengths in reading.

The initial brainstorming stage of test development, where ideas for a new test are generated and refined.

A preliminary trial of a new test with a small group of test takers to check its clarity, difficulty, and effectiveness.

The process of writing individual test items, organizing them into a format, and setting scoring rules.

Assigning numerical values to test scores to represent a person's position on a scale of measurement.

Measure a person's skills, knowledge, and abilities in specific areas. Examples include achievement tests, aptitude tests, and numerical reasoning tests.

Evaluate a person's characteristic patterns of behavior, thoughts, and feelings. They focus on how someone typically behaves in different situations.

Present a set of statements or questions with fixed response options (e.g., True/False, Likert scale). They provide objective and quantifiable data.

Use ambiguous stimuli (e.g., inkblots, pictures) and rely on the participant's interpretations to uncover underlying thoughts and feelings.

A tool used to identify the cause or nature of an individual's physical, mental, or behavioral problems.

A test used to quickly identify individuals who might have a particular condition or trait, requiring further evaluation.

A Philippine law regulating the practice of psychology, emphasizing the role of psychologists in national development and providing ethical guidelines.

Psychologists play a vital role in contributing to societal development, providing psychological services to individuals and communities.