37 Questions
What is the first step in the post-mortem technique in small animals?
Place the animal on its back
What is done to expose the oral cavity in a post-mortem examination?
Incise through the soft tissues between the mandibles
What is the purpose of extending the incision of the last ribs on both sides?
To expose the abdominal viscera
What is the next step after cutting transversely at the anterior limit of the cranial cavity in a post-mortem examination of the brain?
Connect the end of this cut to the foramen magnum on both sides of the skull
What is the purpose of sampling the lungs in a post-mortem examination of a ruminant?
To collect a piece of lung tissue into formalin
What is the final step in the post-mortem examination of a ruminant?
Sample the lungs
What is the purpose of making two transverse sections of the heart during post-mortem examination?
To examine the atrioventricular valves
What is the reason for collecting faecal samples during post-mortem examination?
To collect samples for FEC
What is the effect of temperature on post-mortem autolysis?
The mechanism of enzymatic reaction depends on temperature
What is the role of bacteria in post-mortem changes?
They particularly enhance the process of autolysis
What is the purpose of taking samples of muscle tissue during post-mortem examination?
To look for areas of pallor suggestive of nutritional myopathy
What is the primary goal of studying pathology?
To fill the gap between basic and clinical sciences
What is the effect of the condition of the animal before death on post-mortem autolysis?
Nutritional status affects the rate of post-mortem autolysis
What is the study of the sequence of events in response to etiological agents?
Pathogenesis
What is the term used to describe the diagnosis of a particular disease?
Pathognomonic
What is the focus of Pathobiology?
Biological changes in cells due to structural changes
What is the term used to describe the study of the development of lesions leading to death?
Pathogenesis
What is the term used to describe the study of the sequence of events of lesions development with emphasizing functional abnormalities?
Pathophysiology
What is the type of pathology that deals with the technical aspects of laboratory diagnosis and prevention of disease?
Clinical pathology
What is the term used to describe the study of life tissues in pathology?
Biopsy
What is the type of pathology that deals with the study of medicolegal aspects of disease?
Forensic pathology
What is the term used to describe the criteria for describing gross lesions?
Criteria of gross lesion description
What is the effect of the fat layer in obese animals after death?
It retards the cooling process
Which of the following post-mortem changes is associated with a fall in ATP?
Algor mortis
What is the result of Livor mortis?
Intense discolouration of organs and tissues at the down side of the carcass
What is the term for the greenish gray to dark discolouration caused by the action of bacteria on haemoglobin?
Pseudomelanosis
What is the term for the gelatinous mass formed by the separation and coagulation of plasma protein?
Chicken fat clot
What is the fundamental underlying biochemical mechanism of cell injury?
All of the above
What is the term for the abnormal accumulation of triglycerides within parenchymal cells?
Fatty degeneration
What is the characteristic appearance of hyaline degeneration under H and E stain?
Shiny glassy and homogenously eosinophilic
What is the type of necrosis that involves the decomposition of tissue by saprophytic bacteria?
Gangrenous necrosis
What is the term for the death of cells and tissue while the body is still living?
Necrosis
What is the type of necrosis that occurs in striated muscle due to coagulation of protein in the cytoplasm?
Zenker's necrosis
What is the purpose of the post-mortem technique?
To diagnose the cause of death
What is the term for the sloughing of necrotic cells?
Sloughing
What is the type of degeneration that occurs due to the entry of water into the cytoplasm?
Hydropic degeneration
What is the term for the programmed cell death that occurs in response to specific genes?
Apoptosis
Test your understanding of the fundamental principles of pathology, including its definition, importance, and aspects of disease. Learn about the study of cellular and organ changes in response to injury and how it bridges the gap between basic and clinical sciences.
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