Base of Support and Stability Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the first step in the direction of getting the patient up and moving?

Allowing the patient to rest in bed

Transferring the patient from the bed to the chair

Moving the patient from the bed to a wheelchair

Helping the patient to sit up in bed (correct)

Why is it necessary for patients to start moving around once the healing process begins?

To increase the time spent in bed

To restore muscle strength and function (correct)

To prepare them for surgery

To avoid doctor's orders

Which of the following describes the process of transferring a patient from the bed to a chair correctly?

Patients should be moved quickly without pausing

Patients must immediately stand up before sitting on the chair

The patient should be allowed to dangle their feet before transferring (correct)

Patient moves directly from lying down to sitting in the chair

What is the purpose of sitting a patient up in bed according to the text?

To facilitate further movement and activities Signup and view all the answers

Why is it mentioned that the patient does not need to go through all steps every time they need to move to a chair?

To emphasize rehabilitative measures Signup and view all the answers

In what position should the patient initially be placed on the bed when preparing to sit them up?

Supine position Signup and view all the answers

What should patients first do before moving on to 'dangle' as mentioned in the text?

Sit up in bed Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the precautions suggested to prevent injury while helping a patient walk?

Using a transfer belt Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of encouraging patients to use handrails and stationary objects for support?

To increase patient's independence Signup and view all the answers

Why are transfer belts recommended when moving or supporting a patient?

Because they provide firm support for the caregiver Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of allowing patients to dangle before sitting in a bedside chair?

To gradually increase their activity level Signup and view all the answers

Why is it recommended not to support a patient by holding onto their pajamas or anatomical parts?

Because a transfer belt provides better support Signup and view all the answers

What type of gait is the three-point gait?

Used by patients who can bear full body weight on one foot and partial or no weight on the other Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the two-point gait from the three-point gait?

Involves moving a crutch and opposite foot forward at the same time Signup and view all the answers

Which gait is most similar to normal walking movements?

Two-point gait Signup and view all the answers

Which type of patients frequently use the swing-through gait?

Patients who have permanent disabilities like amputations Signup and view all the answers

What is the rule for going up stairs?

"Body first, then crutches" Signup and view all the answers

Why should a patient be instructed to use a railing or banister when moving from sitting to standing positions?

To provide support on one side Signup and view all the answers

What happens to your balance when your feet are close together?

It becomes shaky Signup and view all the answers

Why is it recommended to keep your feet about 15 to 20 inches apart when reaching for something on the floor?

To have a broader base of support Signup and view all the answers

How does the position of your center of gravity affect your stability?

Stability increases as the center of gravity moves closer to the base of support Signup and view all the answers

What is the line of gravity?

An imaginary vertical line extending down through the center of gravity Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to ensure that your line of gravity is over your base of support?

To avoid poor balance Signup and view all the answers

How does standing erect or squatting while working help protect your back muscles?

It reduces the involvement of back muscles Signup and view all the answers

What type of crutches do Canadian crutches belong to?

Forearm crutches Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cane is usually adjustable?

Single-tipped metal cane Signup and view all the answers

How should a cane be properly fitted based on the text?

When the patient’s elbow is slightly bent Signup and view all the answers

On which side should a single-tipped cane be held when in use?

On the unaffected side Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Canadian crutches from axillary crutches?

They have metal bands fitting around forearms Signup and view all the answers

How do patients using platform crutches support their weight?

On their elbows resting on a weight-bearing surface Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Patient Mobility and Transfer

Initial step to get a patient moving involves assisting them to sit up in bed.
Early movement is crucial for healing, as it supports circulation, muscle strength, and mental well-being.
Proper transfer from bed to chair includes aligning the patient’s body, using proper lifting techniques, and ensuring safety.

Care and Safety Measures

Sitting a patient up in bed helps improve oxygenation and prepares them for further mobility.
It’s unnecessary for patients to complete all transfer steps every time, as they may be able to skip stages based on their stability and strength.
Patients should be placed in a comfortable, upright position on the bed before attempting to sit up.

Mobility Techniques

Before dangling, patients should take a moment to gather their strength and ensure balance.
A precaution to prevent injury while walking includes providing close support without restricting the patient's movement.
Encouraging use of handrails and fixed objects helps patients maintain balance and stability during movement.

Equipment and Support

Transfer belts are recommended because they provide secure assistance and enhance caregiver control during patient movements.
Allowing patients to dangle at the edge of the bed helps them acclimate to upright positions, reducing dizziness and promoting balance.
Avoid supporting patients by their clothing or body parts to prevent discomfort and loss of control.

Gait Types and Techniques

The three-point gait involves moving the crutches or walker alongside one leg, followed by the other leg.
Two-point gait differs by moving one leg with its opposite crutch simultaneously, resembling a more natural walking rhythm.
The four-point gait is structured but less similar to normal walking compared to the two-point gait.

Gait Usage and Movement Guidelines

Swing-through gait is often used by patients with lower extremity disabilities requiring more mobility.
Rule for going up stairs: lead with the stronger leg and follow with the weaker leg and crutch.
Instructing the use of railings helps maintain security and balance during transitions from sitting to standing.

Balance and Stability

Closely positioned feet can compromise balance, hence it is advisable to keep them 15 to 20 inches apart for stability.
The center of gravity affects stability; maintaining it over the base of support enhances balance and reduces fall risk.
The line of gravity refers to the vertical line from the center of gravity to the ground; it should align with the base of support for safety.

Posture and Support Techniques

Standing erect or squatting while working distributes weight and protects back muscles from strain.
Canadian crutches belong to the category of forearm crutches, which provide leverage and support without engaging the armpits.
Adjustable canes allow for customized height, enhancing comfort and usage.

Cane Usage and Variations

A cane should be fitted to the patient's wrist height when standing upright.
A single-tipped cane is used on the opposite side of the weaker or injured leg to promote balance.
Canadian crutches differ from axillary crutches as they do not extend to the armpits, providing better mobility and comfort.
Patients using platform crutches rest their forearms on a platform, offloading weight from their hands and wrists.

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Description

Test your knowledge on how the base of support affects balance and stability, especially when working with patients. Learn the importance of having a broad base of support for better stability in different situations.