Barriers to Pathogen Invasion Quiz

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Which of the following is NOT a way in which normal microbiota contribute to the body's defense?

Aiding in digestion and absorption of food

Producing toxins that harm the body (correct)

Competing for nutrients

Altering the pH of the environment

Which of the following is a normal resident of the skin?

Staphylococcus epidermidis (correct)

Salmonella typhimurium

Bacillus cereus

Escherichia coli

What is the main component responsible for destroying most bacteria in gastric juice?

Enzymes

pH alteration

HCl (hydrochloric acid) (correct)

Mucus

Which type of immunity is present at birth and does not involve specific recognition of microbes?

Nonspecific defense Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immunity involves specific cells recognizing foreign substances and reacting by producing specific proteins?

Specific defense (adaptive) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immunity is acquired through receiving antibodies from another source rather than producing them within the body?

Passive immunity Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immune cell is responsible for engulfing and destroying pathogens in the body?

Monocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of blood that plays a role in cellular defenses as part of the second line of defense?

Plasma (liquid) Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are NOT part of the formed elements in blood?

(ANTIBODY) Signup and view all the answers

What type of immunity involves being cured from a disease or receiving a vaccination?

Active immunity Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in the respiratory tract helps clear microbes in mucus out of the respiratory tract?

Ciliary escalator Signup and view all the answers

Which substance, found in most body secretions, breaks down peptidoglycan cell walls?

Lysozyme Signup and view all the answers

Which substance, produced by the lacrimal apparatus, washes microbes off the eye?

Tears Signup and view all the answers

Which type of epithelium is less protective than keratinized epithelium?

Mucous membranes Signup and view all the answers

Which substance, found in skin, has an acidic pH that inhibits microbe growth?

Sebum Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in the respiratory tract is lined with ciliated epithelium and beats in a wave motion to clear microbes in mucus?