Bandura's Social Learning Theory Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What was the primary aim of Bandura's study regarding children's behavior?

To investigate whether children would learn aggression by observing a model (correct)

To determine the popularity of aggressive models among children

To evaluate the impact of gender on children's playtime

To measure the effect of toys on child aggression

Which type of model led to the highest level of aggression in boys during the study?

No model at all

Aggressive male model (correct)

Aggressive female model

Non-aggressive male model

Which behavior were girls more likely to imitate according to the study's findings?

Non-aggressive behaviors

Verbal aggression (correct)

Physical aggression

Aggressive play

What type of experimental design was used in Bandura's study?

Matched pairs design Signup and view all the answers

What was one hypothesis of Bandura's study related to same-sex models?

Boys would imitate physical aggression more than girls Signup and view all the answers

How were the levels of aggression matched among children in the study?

By their ratings of pre-existing levels of aggression Signup and view all the answers

In Bandura's study, what occurred after the children were made frustrated?

They were observed in a new setting with toys Signup and view all the answers

What was demonstrated about the non-aggressive behaviors exhibited by models?

Many non-aggressive actions were also imitated Signup and view all the answers

Which group of children engaged in the most non-aggressive play with dolls?

Children in the non-aggressive conditions Signup and view all the answers

Which gender displayed higher imitative aggression after observing an aggressive male model?

Boys Signup and view all the answers

How did children who observed non-aggressive models compare to those who observed aggressive ones regarding time spent sitting quietly?

They spent more time sitting quietly Signup and view all the answers

What type of play did boys spend more time on compared to girls?

Playing with guns Signup and view all the answers

How did girls' aggression levels compare to boys' aggression levels when observing a female aggressive model?

Girls showed more aggression than boys Signup and view all the answers

In the context of gender differences, which play activity showed no significant differences between boys and girls?

Playing with farm animals Signup and view all the answers

Which male group exhibited the highest mean imitative physical aggression score?

Aggressive male model Signup and view all the answers

What was the mean score for females in aggressive gun play in the aggressive male model condition?

4.5 Signup and view all the answers

Identify one act of physical aggression demonstrated by the aggressive model in the study.

Hitting a doll with a mallet Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason Bandura et al. would need to obtain informed consent from participants today?

To protect the rights of minors involved in the study Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a sex difference in non-aggressive behavior found in this study?

Girls showed more verbal communication Signup and view all the answers

How did Bandura et al. induce mild aggression arousal in participants?

By exposing them to aggressive role models Signup and view all the answers

Describe one methodological issue that may arise if adults were used in Bandura et al.'s study.

Adults could interpret behaviors differently than children Signup and view all the answers

Which is an example of sex-typed behavior identified in children during Bandura et al.'s study?

Boys engaging in roughhousing Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a structured observation from an unstructured observation in the context of Bandura et al.'s study?

Unstructured observations allow for flexible recording of any behavior Signup and view all the answers

What advantage does covert observation provide in Bandura et al.'s study?

Participants act more naturally without knowing they are being observed Signup and view all the answers

What are the correct scales used to rate aggression in the study?

Physical aggression / verbal aggression Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic of the aggression measurement is considered a weakness?

It is influenced by the observer's perception. Signup and view all the answers

Which conclusion from the study states that boys are more likely to imitate behaviors from models of the same gender?

Boys are more likely to copy same-gender models. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the learning approach does Bandura's study exemplify?

Acquisition of specific behaviors through observation. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best differentiates the learning approach from the social approach?

The learning approach uses controlled experiments while the social approach emphasizes situational factors. Signup and view all the answers

What type of behavior did the study find that boys are more likely to imitate compared to girls?

Physical aggression Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a bias that could affect the ratings of aggression?

External influences from peers Signup and view all the answers

In the context of this study, aggression inhibition refers to which type of behavior?

Preventing aggressive responses Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Social Learning theory?

Observing and imitating behaviors Signup and view all the answers

According to Social Learning theory, which factor affects whether a person will imitate a behavior?

Their perception of being capable of imitating the behavior Signup and view all the answers

What must individuals feel to be motivated to imitate a behavior according to Social Learning theory?

They will be rewarded for their imitation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following exemplifies an individual explanation of behavior?

An extrovert chooses to attend a social gathering Signup and view all the answers

Which statement reflects a situational explanation of behavior?

A participant feels pressure to comply in a structured environment Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of participants in the aggressive condition imitated nonaggressive remarks made by the model?

Around one-third Signup and view all the answers

Why might the behavior of participants vary based on the role model's gender?

The observer may feel a greater connection to a same-sex model Signup and view all the answers

What behavior did participants in the nonaggressive/control group exhibit?

They did not imitate the aggressive behaviors Signup and view all the answers

What is one advantage of analyzing aggression data mathematically?

It can be analyzed mathematically/statistically. Signup and view all the answers

Which alternative measure of central tendency could Bandura et al. have used?

Median Signup and view all the answers

What was the initial activity the experimenter conducted when the participant entered the room?

Demonstrating how to make pictures/stickers. Signup and view all the answers

How did Bandura et al. define 'imitative verbal aggression'?

When children copy what aggressive models say. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a plausible action that the experimenter took during the procedure?

Taking the child to the opposite corner. Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in calculating the mean of a data set?

Summing all the scores in the data set. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following behaviors was specifically measured in the Bandura et al. study?

The number of aggressive acts exhibited. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the model once the child begins to play?

The model is taken to the opposite corner. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Bandura et al. (1961) Study of Aggression

The study investigated whether children would imitate aggressive behaviour they witnessed in an adult.
The study was based on Social Learning Theory.
Children were exposed to either an aggressive or non-aggressive model. Both male and female models were used.
The aggressive model interacted with a Bobo doll in an aggressive manner, including punching, kicking, and hitting.
The non-aggressive model played with the toys in a calm way.
After the modelling, children were frustrated, then placed in a room with toys.
Their behaviour was observed through a one-way mirror.
Aggressive behaviours were categorized according to a checklist.
Many children who observed the aggressive model exhibited aggressive behaviours that imitated the model.
The types of aggressive behaviour varied in sophistication (e.g., punching, kicking were more frequent than verbal aggression etc).
Children who observed the aggressive model were more likely to act aggressively, compared with children in the non-aggressive conditions or the control, with the most aggression coming from boys who had observed an aggressive male model.
Girls who watched an aggressive female model showed significantly more imitative verbal aggression than boys.
The study provided support for the social learning theory.

Methods

Independent measures design Different children were used in each condition.
Matched pairs design Children were matched for pre-existing aggression levels. This reduced the likelihood of individual differences between groups affecting results.
Model type: Aggressive model, non-aggressive model, or no-model (control).
Model gender: Male or female.
Learner gender: Male or female.
Observation room: Participants interacted with toys.
Aggression arousal room (second room): More enticing toys
Test room (third room): Where participants were observed through one-way mirrors playing with a range of toys/manipulatives.
Observation: The experimenters observed using a checklist for recording aggressive behaviours.
Data collection: Measured through observations of aggression levels, quantitative and qualitative measures.
Sampling: Opportunity sampling was used, recruiting participants from a nursery school

Aims

To investigate whether children would learn aggression by observing a model.
To investigate whether children would imitate their same-sex model.

Sample

72 participants (36 boys and 36 girls).
Ages ranged from 37 months to 69 months, averaging 52 months.
All children from a Stanford nursery school

Procedure

Stage 1: Modeling the behaviour
Stage 2: Aggression arousal (frustration)
Stage 3: Testing for delayed imitation (observation)

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Description

Test your understanding of Bandura's study on children's behavior and aggression. This quiz covers key aspects such as experimental design, types of models, and the behaviors children are likely to imitate. Perfect for psychology students exploring social learning concepts.