Balanced Diet Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of carbohydrates in a balanced diet?

Prevent blindness

Repair damaged tissues

Fight infections

Provide energy (correct)

Which nutrient is primarily responsible for growth and muscle repair?

Vitamins

Proteins (correct)

Carbohydrates

Fibre

What is a function of fats in the body?

Store energy (correct)

Assists digestion

Improve wound healing

Prevent constipation

Which nutrient is critical for the formation of strong bones and teeth?

Mineral salts Signup and view all the answers

Which nutrient plays a significant role in fighting infections?

Vitamins Signup and view all the answers

What role does water play in the body?

Enables chemical reactions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a source of protein?

Fish Signup and view all the answers

Which nutrient helps to prevent constipation?

Fibre Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for enjoying good health?

Adequate nutrition Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a cause of disease?

Pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes social well-being?

Having decent accommodation and being part of a functional community Signup and view all the answers

Indirect contact transmission includes which scenario?

Touching contaminated surfaces Signup and view all the answers

What could result from poor nutrition?

Kwashiorkor Signup and view all the answers

What does physical well-being relate to?

How well the body functions Signup and view all the answers

What is droplet infection associated with?

Suspended micro-organisms in the air Signup and view all the answers

Which disease is caused by contact transmission?

Ebola Signup and view all the answers

What is a result of incomplete combustion?

Production of carbon monoxide. Signup and view all the answers

What flame color indicates complete combustion on a Bunsen burner?

Blue flame. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following gases is generated by incomplete combustion and is known to be poisonous?

Carbon monoxide. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the flame size when the air hole of the Bunsen burner is closed?

The flame size increases. Signup and view all the answers

What environmental issue is primarily caused by deforestation?

Loss of biodiversity. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the energy released during incomplete combustion?

It is minimal and takes longer to raise temperature. Signup and view all the answers

What is produced alongside soot during incomplete combustion?

Carbon monoxide. Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when the air hole on a Bunsen burner is opened?

More air mixes, leading to complete combustion. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the benefits of bathing daily with soap and water?

It reduces the chances of picking up an intestinal disease. Signup and view all the answers

Why is food hygiene important?

It prevents the spread of diseases. Signup and view all the answers

What should be done before preparing food?

Washing hands with soap and water. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered biodegradable waste?

Food scraps. Signup and view all the answers

What is a method used to clean toilets effectively?

Using a firm bristled toilet brush and disinfectants. Signup and view all the answers

What health hazard is created by improper waste disposal?

Attraction of pests like flies and rats. Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if food has passed its expiry date?

It should not be eaten. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions can help prevent fungal infections?

Bathing daily with soap and water. Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a solution becomes saturated?

No more solute will dissolve, regardless of conditions. Signup and view all the answers

How does temperature affect the solubility of a solute?

Higher temperatures can increase solubility. Signup and view all the answers

What role does stirring play in dissolving a solute?

It increases the likelihood of particle collisions. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor affects how quickly a solute dissolves?

The particle size of the solute. Signup and view all the answers

What defines a solute?

A substance dissolved in a liquid to form a solution. Signup and view all the answers

What is an element?

A substance composed of one type of atom. Signup and view all the answers

Why do smaller particles dissolve more quickly than larger ones?

They have a larger surface area in relation to their size. Signup and view all the answers

What is a solvent?

A substance that dissolves other substances. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Balanced Diet

A balanced diet contains essential nutrients in correct proportions to maintain health.

Components of a Balanced Diet

Carbohydrates:
- Main source of energy.
- Common sources include bread, maize, yams, sweet potatoes, and rice.
Fats:
- Provide energy and store energy in the body.
- Help insulate and protect organs.
- Sources include meat, butter, oils, milk, cheese, yogurt, and nuts.
Proteins:
- Essential for muscle growth and repairing damaged tissues.
- Found in meat, chicken, fish, eggs, beans, and dairy products.
Vitamins:
- Crucial for immune function, wound healing, and preventing blindness.
- Found in fruits, vegetables, milk, and eggs.
Mineral Salts:
- Important for strong bones, teeth, blood formation, and growth.
- Sources include vegetables, meat, and nuts.
Fibre:
- Aids digestion, normal bowel movement, and prevents constipation.
- Common sources are fruits, vegetables, and whole grain foods.
Water:
- Vital for chemical reactions within the body, hydration, and mental wellbeing.

Health and Wellbeing

Good health requires proper diet, sleep, rest, shelter, and physical activity.

Diseases

A disease is a body disorder leading to compromised health.

Causes of Disease

Poor nutrition (e.g., kwashiorkor).
Pathogens (e.g., bilharzia, malaria, polio, typhoid).
Chemicals and poisons (e.g., lung cancer, liver cirrhosis).
Genetic defects (e.g., albinism, Down's syndrome).

Methods of Disease Transmission

Contact Transmission:
- Direct: Involves close physical contact between infected and healthy individuals (e.g., touching, kissing).
- Indirect: Involves contact with contaminated surfaces (e.g., clothes).
Droplet Infection:
- Involves microorganisms suspended in the air.
- Prevention includes good hygiene practices (e.g., handwashing).

Food and Toilet Hygiene

Proper handling, serving, storing, and preparation of food prevents disease spread.
Food safety practices include washing hands before food preparation and correct storage.
Toilet hygiene is crucial as toilets harbor bacteria; regular cleaning is necessary.

Waste Disposal

Waste includes undesirable materials (domestic or industrial).
Biodegradable Waste: Can be broken down naturally.
Non-Biodegradable Waste: Cannot be broken down naturally.
Improper waste disposal can lead to health hazards and pest infestations.

Solubility

Solute: Substances dissolved in a liquid to form a solution.
Solvent: The liquid that dissolves the solute.
Factors Affecting Solubility:
- Temperature: Higher temperature increases solubility.
- Stirring: Enhances dissolution by increasing particle collisions.
- Particle Size: Smaller particles dissolve faster due to larger surface area.

Elements, Mixtures, and Compounds

Element: Substance made of one type of atom; cannot be further simplified.
Complete combustion produces carbon dioxide and water efficiently, while incomplete combustion produces carbon monoxide and soot, indicating insufficient oxygen.

Environmental Effects

Deforestation: Leads to soil erosion and habitat loss, impacting ecosystems and animal populations.

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Description

This quiz focuses on the essential components of a balanced diet and their functions. Participants will learn about various nutrients, including carbohydrates and fats, and their food sources. Understanding these elements is vital for maintaining a healthy lifestyle.