Questions and Answers
_____ are surface appendages that allow a bacterium to stick to a surface.
Fimbriae
What is a function of a bacterium's capsule?
Protection
The DNA-containing region of this bacterial cell is indicated by the letter _____.
C
Where is a bacterial cell's DNA found?
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In a bacterium, where are proteins synthesized?
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What name is given to the rigid structure, found outside the plasma membrane, that surrounds and supports the bacterial cell?
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The _____ is the bacterial structure that acts as a selective barrier, allowing nutrients to enter the cell and wastes to leave the cell.
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The structure that regulates the passage of material into and out of this bacterial cell is indicated by the letter _____.
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Which of the following correctly matches an organelle with its function?
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Which of the following frequently imposes a limit on cell size?
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Which domains of life are classified as prokaryotes?
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Which structure is common to plant and animal cells?
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Which of the following are found in plant, animal, and bacterial cells?
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Which statement correctly describes the nuclear envelope of a eukaryotic cell?
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Examination of a cell by transmission electron microscopy reveals a high density of ribosomes in the cytoplasm. This observation suggests that this cell is actively producing large amounts of which of the following molecules?
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Which one of the following statements about the endomembrane system is correct?
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A cell with a predominance of rough endoplasmic reticulum is most likely ________.
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The liver is involved in detoxification of many poisons and drugs. Which of the following structures is primarily involved in this process and, therefore, abundant in liver cells?
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Which organelle is the primary site of ATP synthesis in eukaryotic cells?
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Mitochondria are found in _____.
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Thylakoids, DNA, and ribosomes are all components found in _____
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Motor proteins provide for molecular motion in cells by interacting with what types of cellular structures?
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Study Notes
Bacterial Structures and Functions
- Fimbriae are surface appendages that enable bacteria to adhere to surfaces.
- A bacterium's capsule plays a protective role, preventing desiccation and shielding against immune responses.
- The nucleoid region is where bacterial DNA is located, as bacteria lack a true nucleus.
- Ribosomes are responsible for synthesizing proteins (polypeptides) in bacterial cells.
- The cell wall is a rigid structure that surrounds and supports the bacterial cell, providing shape and protection.
- The plasma membrane functions as a selective barrier, regulating nutrient uptake and waste expulsion.
Cell Size and Structure
- The ratio of surface area to volume is a limiting factor on cell size, impacting nutrient absorption and waste elimination.
- Bacteria and Archaea are categorized as prokaryotic domains of life.
Eukaryotic Cell Components
- Mitochondria are present in both plant and animal cells, serving as the primary site of ATP synthesis.
- Ribosomes are ubiquitous, found in plant, animal, and bacterial cells, involved in protein synthesis.
- The nuclear envelope of eukaryotic cells is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum, facilitating substance exchange.
- Cells with abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum indicate active production of proteins for secretion.
Organelles and Their Functions
- The central vacuole in plant cells is primarily involved in storage, while animal cells typically contain smaller vacuoles.
- The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is vital for detoxification processes, particularly abundant in liver cells.
- Chloroplasts contain thylakoids, DNA, and ribosomes, essential for photosynthesis.
Molecular Motion in Cells
- Motor proteins interact with cytoskeleton components to facilitate molecular motion within cells.
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Description
Test your knowledge on bacterial cell structures and their functions, including fimbriae, capsules, and ribosomes. Learn about cell size limitations and the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. This quiz covers essential concepts in cell biology and microbiology.
