Bacterial Infection in Bone: Diagnosis and Treatment

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What is the term used to indicate that osseous healing has occurred, but in less than an optimal position?

Hypertrophic Nonunion

Atrophic Nonunion

Malunion (correct)

Pseusoarthrosis

Which type of nonunion is characterized by radiographically abundant callus formation, no bridging bone, and inadequate stability?

Pseusoarthrosis

Hypertrophic Nonunion (correct)

Oligotrophic Nonunion

Septic Nonunion

Inadequate blood supply, poor biology, and radiographically absent callus are characteristic of which type of nonunion?

Oligotrophic Nonunion

Pseusoarthrosis

Septic Nonunion

Atrophic Nonunion (correct)

What type of nonunion is indicated by slow progression to healing, at risk of non-union without intervention, and shows healing progress over time?

Delayed Union Signup and view all the answers

Which technique utilizes radiographically abundant callus formation but lacks bridging bone and stability?

Electrical Stimulation for Bone Formation Signup and view all the answers

What operative treatment option is characterized by inadequate blood supply, poor biology, and radiographically absent callus?

Bone Grafting Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the effects of compression and tension in Electrical Stimulation for bone healing?

Compression generates electronegative potentials while tension generates electropositive potentials. Signup and view all the answers

What is the contraindication for using Electrical Stimulation in bone healing?

Synovial pseudoarthrosis Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the mechanism of action of Ultrasound in bone healing?

Ultrasound generates an acoustic pressure wave that stimulates faster bone healing in fresh fractures. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) in bone healing?

To induce microtrauma in bone, stimulating neovascularization and cell differentiation. Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical aspect when considering Operative Treatment for bone healing?

The type of nonunion (Hyper-, oligo-, atrophic, or pseudarthrosis). Signup and view all the answers

What makes Autologous Bone Graft considered the 'gold standard' in bone healing?

'Gold standard' because it contains viable osteoblasts promoting vascular ingrowth and healing. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor associated with the formation of a false joint in pseudoarthrosis?

Excessive motion and instability Signup and view all the answers

Which type of nonunion involves a reduction in blood flow leading to decreased new bone formation through organisms consuming nutrition to healthy bone?

Septic Nonunion Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical element necessary for guiding the proliferation and differentiation of multipotent stem cells in bone healing according to the text?

Bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of diamond concept osteogenic cells, which cells are responsible for the proliferation and differentiation of MSCs in bone healing?

Undifferentiated multipotent stem cells (MSCs) (bone marrow) Signup and view all the answers

What is a risk factor significantly associated with an increased risk of nonunion in bone healing?

Regular NSAID consumption Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone healing process involves 'Relative Stability' of bony surfaces and includes fracture hematoma formation and cellular proliferation according to the text?

'Indirect (Secondary)' bone healing process Signup and view all the answers

What is a key component of the 'Diamond Concept Osteoconductive Matrix' in bone healing according to the provided text?

'Extracellular matrix' serving as a scaffold Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is essential for ossification to occur at the fracture gap according to the text?

'Compression/distraction' encouraging osteoblasts Signup and view all the answers

What is considered as a crucial element for guiding the process of simultaneous hard and soft callus formation during bone healing?

Osteogenic cells Signup and view all the answers

Which condition can lead to decreased peripheral oxygen tension and blood flow, posing challenges in wound healing and increasing the risk of nonunion?

NSAIDs Usage Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of Autologous Bone Graft that makes it the 'gold standard' in bone healing?

It contains proteins and factors promoting vascular ingrowth Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential drawback of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) in bone healing?

It induces microtrauma but fails to stimulate bone healing Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the Diamond Concept, which component provides a scaffolding for new bone growth during bone healing?

Demineralized bone matrix Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe a fracture that has occurred a minimum of 9 months ago, has not healed, and shows no radiographic progression for 3 months?

Hypertrophic Nonunion Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a fracture that shows slower progression to healing than expected and is at risk of non-union without intervention?

Delayed Union Signup and view all the answers

Which type of nonunion is characterized by the absence of callus, poor biology, and inadequate blood supply?

Oligotrophic Nonunion Signup and view all the answers

In the context of bone healing, what type of cells are responsible for the proliferation and differentiation of multipotent stem cells?

Osteoblasts Signup and view all the answers

Which term is used to indicate that osseous healing has occurred, but in a suboptimal position?

Malunion Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic distinguishes Hypertrophic Nonunions from other types of nonunion?

Radiographically abundant callus formation Signup and view all the answers

What is a common factor associated with a risk of nonunion in bone healing?

Decreased blood flow to the fracture site Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic distinguishes the 'osteogenic' cells in the Diamond Concept of bone healing?

Responsibility for hard callus formation at the fracture site Signup and view all the answers

What role does the 'osteoconductive matrix' play in bone healing according to the Diamond Concept?

Provides scaffold for osteoblast activity at the fracture site Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is critical for 'Relative Stability' of bony surfaces in the bone healing process?

Fracture hematoma formation and cellular proliferation Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the Diamond Concept's 'mechanical stability' in bone healing?

Compression/distraction encouraging osteoblast function Signup and view all the answers

Which cell type is crucial for guiding the simultaneous formation of hard and soft callus during bone healing?

MSCs from the periosteum Signup and view all the answers

'Diamond Concept' emphasizes which risk factor for nonunion related to patient work-up?

'Vascular disease' history Signup and view all the answers

'Osteoinductive mediators' according to the Diamond Concept include all EXCEPT:

'Excessive mechanical stability' Signup and view all the answers

'Atrophic nonunion' types in bone healing are characterized by:

'Radiographically absent callus formation' Signup and view all the answers

Bacterial Infection in Bone: Diagnosis and Treatment

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Questions and Answers

What is the term used to indicate that osseous healing has occurred, but in less than an optimal position?

Which type of nonunion is characterized by radiographically abundant callus formation, no bridging bone, and inadequate stability?

Inadequate blood supply, poor biology, and radiographically absent callus are characteristic of which type of nonunion?

What type of nonunion is indicated by slow progression to healing, at risk of non-union without intervention, and shows healing progress over time?

Which technique utilizes radiographically abundant callus formation but lacks bridging bone and stability?

What operative treatment option is characterized by inadequate blood supply, poor biology, and radiographically absent callus?

What is the main difference between the effects of compression and tension in Electrical Stimulation for bone healing?

What is the contraindication for using Electrical Stimulation in bone healing?

Which statement best describes the mechanism of action of Ultrasound in bone healing?

What is the primary purpose of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) in bone healing?

What is a critical aspect when considering Operative Treatment for bone healing?

What makes Autologous Bone Graft considered the 'gold standard' in bone healing?

What is the primary factor associated with the formation of a false joint in pseudoarthrosis?

Which type of nonunion involves a reduction in blood flow leading to decreased new bone formation through organisms consuming nutrition to healthy bone?

What is a critical element necessary for guiding the proliferation and differentiation of multipotent stem cells in bone healing according to the text?

In the context of diamond concept osteogenic cells, which cells are responsible for the proliferation and differentiation of MSCs in bone healing?

What is a risk factor significantly associated with an increased risk of nonunion in bone healing?

Which type of bone healing process involves 'Relative Stability' of bony surfaces and includes fracture hematoma formation and cellular proliferation according to the text?

What is a key component of the 'Diamond Concept Osteoconductive Matrix' in bone healing according to the provided text?

Which factor is essential for ossification to occur at the fracture gap according to the text?

What is considered as a crucial element for guiding the process of simultaneous hard and soft callus formation during bone healing?

Which condition can lead to decreased peripheral oxygen tension and blood flow, posing challenges in wound healing and increasing the risk of nonunion?

What is a key characteristic of Autologous Bone Graft that makes it the 'gold standard' in bone healing?

What is a potential drawback of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) in bone healing?

In the context of the Diamond Concept, which component provides a scaffolding for new bone growth during bone healing?

What term is used to describe a fracture that has occurred a minimum of 9 months ago, has not healed, and shows no radiographic progression for 3 months?

What is the term for a fracture that shows slower progression to healing than expected and is at risk of non-union without intervention?

Which type of nonunion is characterized by the absence of callus, poor biology, and inadequate blood supply?

In the context of bone healing, what type of cells are responsible for the proliferation and differentiation of multipotent stem cells?

Which term is used to indicate that osseous healing has occurred, but in a suboptimal position?

What characteristic distinguishes Hypertrophic Nonunions from other types of nonunion?

What is a common factor associated with a risk of nonunion in bone healing?

Which characteristic distinguishes the 'osteogenic' cells in the Diamond Concept of bone healing?

What role does the 'osteoconductive matrix' play in bone healing according to the Diamond Concept?

Which factor is critical for 'Relative Stability' of bony surfaces in the bone healing process?

What distinguishes the Diamond Concept's 'mechanical stability' in bone healing?

Which cell type is crucial for guiding the simultaneous formation of hard and soft callus during bone healing?

'Diamond Concept' emphasizes which risk factor for nonunion related to patient work-up?

'Osteoinductive mediators' according to the Diamond Concept include all EXCEPT:

'Atrophic nonunion' types in bone healing are characterized by:

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