Skin, Bone, and Soft Tissue Infections

The outermost layer of skin, providing a protective barrier against microorganisms and external elements.

The layer of skin below the epidermis, containing blood vessels, nerves, and hair follicles.

A group of bacteria commonly found on human skin, often in the nose and throat.

A type of Staphylococcus bacteria that is coagulase positive, meaning it can cause blood clots.

A test used to identify Staphylococcus aureus, based on its ability to clump (coagulate) rabbit blood plasma.

Gram-positive cocci in pairs or chains that produce a greenish discoloration on blood agar plates. They are responsible for infections such as pneumonia, meningitis, and endocarditis.

Gram-positive cocci in pairs or chains that lyse red blood cells completely on blood agar. They are known for causing infections like strep throat, scarlet fever, and necrotizing fasciitis.

Gram-positive cocci in pairs or chains that don't cause any change in the blood agar. They are less commonly associated with infections.

A group of Streptococcus species that are resistant to many common antibiotics.

A test used to identify bacteria that produce catalase, an enzyme that breaks down hydrogen peroxide. Staphylococcus species are catalase-positive, while Streptococcus species are catalase-negative.

A test used to identify bacteria that produce coagulase, an enzyme that clots blood plasma. Staphylococcus aureus is coagulase-positive, while most other staphylococci are coagulase-negative.

A protein produced by Staphylococcus aureus that binds to the Fc portion of antibodies, interfering with the immune response.

A group of toxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus that cause fever and inflammation.

A serious skin infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus strains producing an exfoliating toxin, leading to widespread blistering and peeling of the skin.

A pus-filled, painful infection of a hair follicle, typically caused by Staphylococcus aureus.

A cluster of interconnected furuncles, forming a larger, deeper infection. Usually caused by Staphylococcus aureus.

A severe bacterial infection that spreads rapidly in the subcutaneous tissue, causing tissue death. Often referred to as 'flesh-eating disease'.

A life-threatening infection of skeletal muscle, usually caused by Clostridium species, notably C. perfringens. It is characterized by rapid progression and gas production.

Inflammation of skeletal muscle, a rare bacterial infection. Often caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes.

Infection within the joint space. Can be caused by various bacteria like S. aureus, Streptococcus, or Gram-negative bacilli.

Infection of bone tissue. Often caused by S. aureus, S. pyogenes, H. influenzae, or Gram-negative bacilli.

A type of bacterial infection that typically affects the skin, causing small, fluid-filled lesions. These lesions are commonly referred to as "pimples" or "boils", although they can be more serious.

A contagious skin infection that often manifests as red, itchy, and crusty patches, usually around the nose, mouth, or fingers. It's typically caused by bacteria from the Streptococcus or Staphylococcus family.

A widespread bacterial infection that can deeply affect skin tissues, becoming quite red and swollen. It may spread quickly and is often caused by bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus.

A specific type of skin infection, often caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, that involves the upper layers of skin with prominent lymph involvement. It presents as bright red, tender patches, often on the face or legs.

A serious bacterial infection that can affect the whole body, often caused by Staphylococcus aureus. It can cause fever, rash, and low blood pressure, and requires immediate medical attention.

A serious skin infection that typically affects newborns and infants, causing blistering and peeling of the skin. It's usually caused by Staphylococcus aureus and requires prompt treatment.