Podcast
Questions and Answers
What process leads to the preferential expansion of B cell clones with higher-affinity receptors for the antigen?
What process leads to the preferential expansion of B cell clones with higher-affinity receptors for the antigen?
- Iterative process
- Positive selection (correct)
- Apoptosis induction
- Negative selection
What happens to B cells with lower affinity or no improvement in affinity during the competition for survival signals within the germinal center?
What happens to B cells with lower affinity or no improvement in affinity during the competition for survival signals within the germinal center?
- Differentiation into plasma cells
- Induction of somatic hypermutation
- Apoptosis or failure to proliferate (correct)
- Expansion into long-lived plasma cells
Which process helps in the elimination of B cell clones with lower-affinity receptors?
Which process helps in the elimination of B cell clones with lower-affinity receptors?
- Iterative process
- Somatic hypermutation
- Negative selection (correct)
- Selective survival
What results from the cumulative effect of somatic hypermutation and selective survival over time?
What results from the cumulative effect of somatic hypermutation and selective survival over time?
What differentiates into plasma cells and secretes antibodies with improved affinity for the antigen?
What differentiates into plasma cells and secretes antibodies with improved affinity for the antigen?
What describes the iterative process of affinity maturation within germinal centers?
What describes the iterative process of affinity maturation within germinal centers?
Which zone within the germinal center is characterized by the presence of densely packed B cells?
Which zone within the germinal center is characterized by the presence of densely packed B cells?
Where do B cells migrate after undergoing proliferation and somatic hypermutation in the dark zone?
Where do B cells migrate after undergoing proliferation and somatic hypermutation in the dark zone?
Which cells regulate the selection and differentiation of B cells based on their B cell receptors' affinity for the antigen within the germinal center?
Which cells regulate the selection and differentiation of B cells based on their B cell receptors' affinity for the antigen within the germinal center?
Which process introduces random mutations into the DNA sequence encoding the variable regions of B cell receptors in the germinal center?
Which process introduces random mutations into the DNA sequence encoding the variable regions of B cell receptors in the germinal center?
What is the primary function of follicular dendritic cells within the light zone of the germinal center?
What is the primary function of follicular dendritic cells within the light zone of the germinal center?
Which region of the germinal center contains T follicular helper cells and is less densely packed?
Which region of the germinal center contains T follicular helper cells and is less densely packed?
What is the role of T helper cells in B cell activation?
What is the role of T helper cells in B cell activation?
Where does the internalization of antigens for B cell processing occur?
Where does the internalization of antigens for B cell processing occur?
What molecules are antigenic peptides presented with on the B cell surface?
What molecules are antigenic peptides presented with on the B cell surface?
What type of cells specifically bind to antigens to start the B cell activation process?
What type of cells specifically bind to antigens to start the B cell activation process?
Which cells are responsible for producing antibodies in response to pathogen challenges?
Which cells are responsible for producing antibodies in response to pathogen challenges?
What is the main function of short-lived plasma cells in the humoral immune response?
What is the main function of short-lived plasma cells in the humoral immune response?
What is the main outcome of B cells with higher-affinity BCRs for the antigen in germinal centers?
What is the main outcome of B cells with higher-affinity BCRs for the antigen in germinal centers?
What is the process that leads to the generation of B cell clones with progressively higher affinities for the antigen?
What is the process that leads to the generation of B cell clones with progressively higher affinities for the antigen?
Where do B cells undergo clonal expansion, somatic hypermutation, and affinity maturation processes?
Where do B cells undergo clonal expansion, somatic hypermutation, and affinity maturation processes?
Which structure plays a critical role in the generation of high-affinity antibodies and immunological memory?
Which structure plays a critical role in the generation of high-affinity antibodies and immunological memory?
What is the main outcome of B cells with low-affinity BCRs within germinal centers?
What is the main outcome of B cells with low-affinity BCRs within germinal centers?
What is the purpose of the iterative process of somatic hypermutation and selection within germinal centers?
What is the purpose of the iterative process of somatic hypermutation and selection within germinal centers?
Which of the following best describes the role of follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) in the germinal center?
Which of the following best describes the role of follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) in the germinal center?
Which cytokines are primarily responsible for stimulating class switching in B cells within the germinal center?
Which cytokines are primarily responsible for stimulating class switching in B cells within the germinal center?
What is the mechanism underlying class switching in B cells?
What is the mechanism underlying class switching in B cells?
What factor primarily determines the choice of antibody isotype during class switching in B cells?
What factor primarily determines the choice of antibody isotype during class switching in B cells?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the dark zone (DZ) of the germinal center?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the dark zone (DZ) of the germinal center?
What is the primary function of Tfh cells within the germinal center?
What is the primary function of Tfh cells within the germinal center?
