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Questions and Answers
A 65-year-old man is brought to the ER with multiple stab wounds to his back. Physical examination shows a puncture wound in the anterior axillary fold. The patient presents with weakness in flexion, adduction, and medial rotation of his arm. Which muscle is most likely cut in this injury?
A 65-year-old man is brought to the ER with multiple stab wounds to his back. Physical examination shows a puncture wound in the anterior axillary fold. The patient presents with weakness in flexion, adduction, and medial rotation of his arm. Which muscle is most likely cut in this injury?
- Teres minor
- Pectoralis major (correct)
- Serratus anterior
- Pectoralis minor
Which of the following best describes the axilla's location?
Which of the following best describes the axilla's location?
- Between the upper part of the arm and the side of the chest (correct)
- Between the upper part of the leg and the side of the chest
- Between the lower part of the arm and the side of the back
- Between the upper part of the leg and the side of the abdomen
The cervico-axillary canal is another name for which part of the axilla?
The cervico-axillary canal is another name for which part of the axilla?
- Posterior Wall
- Base
- Medial Wall
- Apex (correct)
Which of the following structures forms the anterior boundary of the axilla's apex?
Which of the following structures forms the anterior boundary of the axilla's apex?
Which muscle primarily forms the anterior axillary fold?
Which muscle primarily forms the anterior axillary fold?
Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the posterior wall of the axilla?
Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the posterior wall of the axilla?
What structures primarily form the medial wall of the axilla?
What structures primarily form the medial wall of the axilla?
Which of the following structures contributes to the lateral wall of the axilla?
Which of the following structures contributes to the lateral wall of the axilla?
Which of the following best describes the shape of the axilla?
Which of the following best describes the shape of the axilla?
What major function does the axilla serve in relation to neurovascular structures?
What major function does the axilla serve in relation to neurovascular structures?
The base of the axilla is also known as the:
The base of the axilla is also known as the:
Which structure forms the base of the axilla?
Which structure forms the base of the axilla?
Besides the axillary artery and vein, which of the following is a key component found within the contents of the axilla?
Besides the axillary artery and vein, which of the following is a key component found within the contents of the axilla?
The posterior axillary fold is formed by which two muscles?
The posterior axillary fold is formed by which two muscles?
What type of tissue is also found in the axilla along with neurovascular structures?
What type of tissue is also found in the axilla along with neurovascular structures?
Flashcards
Axilla Definition
Axilla Definition
The axilla is a pyramid-shaped space located between the upper part of the arm and the side of the chest. It transmits major neurovascular structures between the neck and upper limbs.
Axilla Apex
Axilla Apex
The apex of the axilla, also known as the cervico-axillary canal, is directed upward, towards the neck.
Apex Boundaries
Apex Boundaries
The boundaries of the axilla's apex are the clavicle (anteriorly), the upper border of the scapula (posteriorly), and the outer border of the first rib (medially).
Axilla Base
Axilla Base
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Anterior Wall
Anterior Wall
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Posterior Wall
Posterior Wall
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Medial Wall
Medial Wall
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Lateral Wall
Lateral Wall
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Axilla Contents
Axilla Contents
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Anterior Axillary Fold
Anterior Axillary Fold
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Posterior Axillary Fold
Posterior Axillary Fold
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Study Notes
- The axilla is a pyramid-shaped space located between the upper arm and the side of the chest.
- The axilla transmits major neurovascular structures between the neck and upper limbs.
Anatomy of the Axilla
- The axilla can be described as a 4-sided pyramid that connects to the neck via an inlet and opens to the armpit or outlet.
Apex
- It is directed upward, toward the neck.
- The apex is also called the cervico-axillary canal.
- Anterior boundary: Clavicle
- Posterior boundary: Upper border of the scapula
- Medial boundary: Outer border of the first rib
Base
- The base is formed by the axillary fascia and the skin of the armpit.
Posterior Wall
- Includes the scapula, subscapularis, teres major, and latissimus dorsi muscles.
- The posterior axillary fold is formed by the teres major and latissimus dorsi.
Anterior Wall
- Includes the pectoralis major and minor, subclavius muscles, and clavipectoral fascia.
- The anterior axillary fold is formed by the pectoralis major.
Medial Wall
- Consists of the serratus anterior muscle and the upper 4-5 ribs, along with the intercostal muscles.
Lateral Wall
- Includes the bicipital groove of the humerus, biceps brachii, and coracobrachialis muscles.
Contents of the Axilla
- Cords and branches of the brachial plexus
- Axillary fat
- Axillary artery and its branches
- Axillary vein and its tributaries
- Axillary lymph nodes
- Breast/axillary tail
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