Podcast
Questions and Answers
Where is the main body of the mammary gland located?
Where is the main body of the mammary gland located?
- In the axillary region
- In the deep fascia of the thoracic wall
- In the superficial fascia over the chest wall (correct)
- Underneath the pectoralis major muscle
What does the axillary process refer to?
What does the axillary process refer to?
- The part of the breast extending towards the armpit (correct)
- A specific type of breast tissue
- The outer layer of the breast
- The area where lymph nodes are concentrated
Why is the axillary process significant in medical contexts?
Why is the axillary process significant in medical contexts?
- It can complicate surgical procedures
- It contains intercostal muscles
- It is a common site for infections
- It may harbor breast tissue relevant for cancer diagnosis (correct)
Which lymph nodes primarily drain lymph from the medial quadrants of the breast?
Which lymph nodes primarily drain lymph from the medial quadrants of the breast?
What can the extension of the axillary process reach?
What can the extension of the axillary process reach?
If a mass was fixed to the underlying tissue, which muscle would be involved?
If a mass was fixed to the underlying tissue, which muscle would be involved?
What is the relationship between the axillary process and breast cancer?
What is the relationship between the axillary process and breast cancer?
What anatomical structure helps form all plexuses in the body?
What anatomical structure helps form all plexuses in the body?
Which nerve passes posterior to the axillary artery?
Which nerve passes posterior to the axillary artery?
What is the anatomical configuration of the lateral cord?
What is the anatomical configuration of the lateral cord?
Which division is NOT part of the posterior divisions?
Which division is NOT part of the posterior divisions?
What is the orientation of the anterior division of the upper trunk?
What is the orientation of the anterior division of the upper trunk?
Which of the following nerves is associated with the upper trunk?
Which of the following nerves is associated with the upper trunk?
What characterizes the anterior division of the lower trunk?
What characterizes the anterior division of the lower trunk?
Which structure is associated with the posterior cord?
Which structure is associated with the posterior cord?
Which roots correspond to the medial cord?
Which roots correspond to the medial cord?
Flashcards
Mammary Gland Location
Mammary Gland Location
The main part of the mammary gland is in the superficial fascia over the chest wall.
Axillary Process of Breast
Axillary Process of Breast
Part of the breast that extends towards the armpit (axilla) along the lower edge of the pectoralis major muscle.
Pectoralis major muscle and Axillary Process
Pectoralis major muscle and Axillary Process
The axillary process may extend around the pectoralis major muscle and penetrate deeper tissue.
Breast Lymphatic Drainage (medials)
Breast Lymphatic Drainage (medials)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Breast Lymphatic Drainage (laterals)
Breast Lymphatic Drainage (laterals)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Swollen Axillary Nodes (Cancer)
Swollen Axillary Nodes (Cancer)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Brachial Plexus
Brachial Plexus
Signup and view all the flashcards
Lymph Node Drainage Significance
Lymph Node Drainage Significance
Signup and view all the flashcards
Anterior divisions of upper and middle trunk
Anterior divisions of upper and middle trunk
Signup and view all the flashcards
Anterior division of lower trunk
Anterior division of lower trunk
Signup and view all the flashcards
Posterior divisions of the brachial plexus
Posterior divisions of the brachial plexus
Signup and view all the flashcards
Axillary nerve pathway
Axillary nerve pathway
Signup and view all the flashcards
Lateral cord
Lateral cord
Signup and view all the flashcards
Posterior cord
Posterior cord
Signup and view all the flashcards
Radial nerve location
Radial nerve location
Signup and view all the flashcards
Study Notes
Axilla
- Pyramid-shaped space for nerves, blood vessels, and lymph vessels
- Contains major vessels, nerves, and lymphatics of the upper limb
- Contains axillary lymph nodes
- Contains axillary processes of the breast
- Contains proximal parts of biceps and coracobrachialis muscles
- Has an apex (upper end) and a base (lower end)
Axillary Artery
- Continuation of the subclavian artery
- Divides into three branches:
- Superior thoracic artery
- Lateral thoracic artery
- Anterior
- Lateral
- Medial/Posterior
- branches for the breast
Axillary Vein
- Continuation of the basilic vein
- Passes through the medial and anterior to the axillary artery
- Becomes the subclavian vein
- Has tributaries (smaller veins)
- Collects blood from the arm and upper extremities
Axillary Lymph Nodes
- Collect lymph from the upper limb, lower neck, upper back, chest (upper abdominal wall), and breast
- Divided into 5 groups based on location:
- Humeral (lateral)
- Pectoral (anterior)
- Central
- Subscapular (posterior)
- Apical
Brachial Plexus
- Network of nerves formed by ventral rami of spinal nerves C5-T1
- Divided into roots, trunks, divisions, and cords
- Roots: spinal nerves C5-T1
- Trunks:
- Superior trunk
- Middle trunk
- Inferior trunk
- Divisions:
- Anterior divisions
- Posterior divisions
- Cords:
- Lateral cord
- Medial cord
- Posterior cord
- Branches:
- Musculocutaneous nerve
- Median nerve
- Axillary nerve
- Radial nerve
- Ulnar nerve
Axillary Process of the Breast
- Extension of the mammary gland along the inferior margin of the pectoralis major muscle towards the axilla.
- Can sometimes pass around the margin of this muscle to penetrate the deep fascia and enter the axilla. This process rarely reaches the apex of the axilla.
- Important because it contains breast tissue and is close to lymph nodes in the armpit; both relevant to breast cancer spread.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
