Autoregulation of Blood Flow Mechanisms

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What is the main mechanism behind myogenic autoregulation of blood flow?

Increased tissue metabolism

Accumulation of vasodilator metabolites

Vascular smooth muscle response to stretch (correct)

Release of vasodilator prostaglandins

Which of the following is not an example of a vasodilator metabolite that contributes to metabolic autoregulation?

K+ (correct)

Adenosine

CO2

Histamine

How does increased tissue metabolism affect arterioles and precapillary sphincters in metabolic autoregulation?

Causes relaxation (correct)

Induces hyperpolarization

Has no effect

Causes vasoconstriction

What happens when hypoxia occurs in the context of metabolic autoregulation?

Opens ATP-sensitive K+ channels causing vasodilatation Signup and view all the answers

Which vasodilator metabolite is especially found in the brain and skin for metabolic autoregulation?

Adenosine Signup and view all the answers

What effect does local changes in interstitial fluid osmolarity have on smooth muscle in autoregulation?

Hyperpolarization Signup and view all the answers

What is the main site of peripheral resistance (PR) in the circulation?

Arterioles Signup and view all the answers

In the context of blood flow regulation, what condition leads to large reductions in blood flow due to mild narrowing?

Atherosclerosis Signup and view all the answers

What physiological process allows small changes in arteriolar diameter to lead to relatively large changes in blood flow?

Myogenic autoregulation Signup and view all the answers

What type of blood flow involves all particles flowing parallel to the wall of the tube, but not at the same velocity?

Laminar Flow Signup and view all the answers

Which factor leads to blood flow changes aimed at increasing the blood supply to active tissues?

Accumulation of vasodilator metabolites Signup and view all the answers

What type of flow results from changes in blood velocity turning streamline flow into a more chaotic state?

Turbulent Flow Signup and view all the answers

What factors determine blood flow in a vessel?

Pressure gradient and resistance Signup and view all the answers

How does increased hematocrit affect blood flow in a vessel?

Increases viscosity and decreases flow Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a mechanism of metabolic autoregulation of blood flow?

Accumulation of vasodilator metabolites Signup and view all the answers

How does the length of a vessel affect blood flow?

Directly proportional to resistance Signup and view all the answers

Which factor has the most significant effect on the resistance encountered by blood in a vessel?

Radius of the vessel Signup and view all the answers

What role do vasoactive substances play in arteriolar diameter and blood flow?

They can dilate or constrict arterioles to regulate blood flow Signup and view all the answers