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Local Regulation of Blood Flow: Autoregulation and Vasoactive Substances

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Local Regulation of Blood Flow: Autoregulation and Vasoactive Substances

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Questions and Answers

What is the relationship between blood flow (F) and resistance (R)?

Blood flow is directly proportional to resistance.

Blood flow is indirectly proportional to resistance.

Blood flow is inversely proportional to resistance. (correct)

Blood flow is not affected by resistance.

What factor is resistance (R) directly proportional to?

Vessel radius to the power of 4

Vessel length

Blood viscosity (correct)

Hematocrit

How does increased Hematocrit affect blood flow?

Decreases blood flow (correct)

Increases blood flow

Causes chaotic blood flow

Does not affect blood flow

Which of the following factors affects the resistance in a vessel?

Vessel radius to the power of 4 Signup and view all the answers

What does cardiac output equal in relation to systemic circulation?

Total tissue blood flow Signup and view all the answers

How is blood viscosity compared to water (H2O)?

Blood viscosity is greater than H2O Signup and view all the answers

What is the main trigger for the continuous generation of blood flow?

Increased shear stress Signup and view all the answers

How do vasodilator drugs affect the arterial blood pressure?

Decrease it Signup and view all the answers

Which vasodilator drug induces strong vasoconstriction, especially in veins?

Endothelin-1 Signup and view all the answers

What effect does Prostacyclin (PGI2) have on blood vessels?

Decreases platelet aggregation Signup and view all the answers

How does autoregulation of blood flow to tissues respond to changes in arterial blood pressure?

Remains constant despite changes in arterial blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

What effect do vasoconstrictors like Endothelins have on blood vessels?

Increase platelet aggregation Signup and view all the answers

What is the main molecular mechanism of vasodilators?

Endothelial or platelets-mediated vasoactive substances Signup and view all the answers

How does vascular smooth muscle respond to stretch?

By contracting Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a vasodilator?

Endothelin Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of partial contraction of vascular smooth muscle?

It allows for further contraction or relaxation by physiological mediators Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule has a short physiological half-life of a few seconds?

Nitric Oxide Signup and view all the answers

What causes the opening of ion channels in vascular smooth muscle?

Blood pressure stretching the muscle Signup and view all the answers