Local Regulation of Blood Flow: Autoregulation and Vasoactive Substances
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Questions and Answers

What is the relationship between blood flow (F) and resistance (R)?

  • Blood flow is directly proportional to resistance.
  • Blood flow is indirectly proportional to resistance.
  • Blood flow is inversely proportional to resistance. (correct)
  • Blood flow is not affected by resistance.

What factor is resistance (R) directly proportional to?

  • Vessel radius to the power of 4
  • Vessel length
  • Blood viscosity (correct)
  • Hematocrit

How does increased Hematocrit affect blood flow?

  • Decreases blood flow (correct)
  • Increases blood flow
  • Causes chaotic blood flow
  • Does not affect blood flow

Which of the following factors affects the resistance in a vessel?

<p>Vessel radius to the power of 4 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does cardiac output equal in relation to systemic circulation?

<p>Total tissue blood flow (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is blood viscosity compared to water (H2O)?

<p>Blood viscosity is greater than H2O (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main trigger for the continuous generation of blood flow?

<p>Increased shear stress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do vasodilator drugs affect the arterial blood pressure?

<p>Decrease it (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vasodilator drug induces strong vasoconstriction, especially in veins?

<p>Endothelin-1 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does Prostacyclin (PGI2) have on blood vessels?

<p>Decreases platelet aggregation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does autoregulation of blood flow to tissues respond to changes in arterial blood pressure?

<p>Remains constant despite changes in arterial blood pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect do vasoconstrictors like Endothelins have on blood vessels?

<p>Increase platelet aggregation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main molecular mechanism of vasodilators?

<p>Endothelial or platelets-mediated vasoactive substances (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does vascular smooth muscle respond to stretch?

<p>By contracting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a vasodilator?

<p>Endothelin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of partial contraction of vascular smooth muscle?

<p>It allows for further contraction or relaxation by physiological mediators (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule has a short physiological half-life of a few seconds?

<p>Nitric Oxide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes the opening of ion channels in vascular smooth muscle?

<p>Blood pressure stretching the muscle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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