Autonomic Nervous System Functions

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Which of the following is NOT a function of the autonomic nervous system?

Regulation of blood flow to various organs

Regulation of digestion

Skeletal muscle contraction (correct)

Control of cardiac output

What is the neurotransmitter released by preganglionic fibers in both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?

Norepinephrine

Dopamine

Acetylcholine (correct)

Epinephrine

What type of receptors do muscarinic receptors belong to?

Metabotropic receptors (correct)

Ionotropic receptors

Adrenergic receptors

Nicotinic receptors

What is the function of the postganglionic fiber in the autonomic nervous system?

Terminates in smooth cardiac muscle or a gland Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the 'fight or flight' response?

Sympathetic response Signup and view all the answers

What type of receptor is stimulated by acetylcholine in the autonomic nervous system?

Nicotinic receptor Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of succinylcholine on the nicotinic receptors?

Acts like acetylcholine to depolarize the junction Signup and view all the answers

What is the antidote for neuromuscular blockers?

Neostigmine Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of succinylcholine on muscle contraction?

Initially causes fasciculations, then flaccid paralysis Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of tubocurarine?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is a side effect of neuromuscular blockers?

Bronchoconstriction Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of dantrolene?

Blocks Ca release to decrease muscle contraction Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of pilocarpine on the ciliary muscle?

Contraction Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase?

Carbamates Signup and view all the answers

What is the site of absorption of nicotine?

Skin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a chemical warfare agent?

Tabun Signup and view all the answers

What is the side effect of organophosphates that can be remembered using the acronym DUMBBELS?

Diarrhea, Urination, Miosis, Bronchospasm, Brachycardia, Emesis, Lacrimation, and Salivation Signup and view all the answers

What is the antidote for organophosphate poisoning that works by reactivating acetylcholinesterase?

Pralidoxime Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of homatropine?

Inhibits release of IP3 and inhibits PDE Signup and view all the answers

What is the use of scopolamine transdermal patch?

Prevention of motion sickness Signup and view all the answers

What is the indication for the use of trihexyphenidyl, benztropine, and biperiden?

Parkinson's disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using quaternary amine antimuscarinic drugs?

More peripheral effect, less CNS effects Signup and view all the answers

What is the use of atropine or its analogs in ophthalmologic practice?

To prevent synechia formation Signup and view all the answers

What is the use of tiotropium?

To treat respiratory disorders, such as asthma Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of alpha 1 receptors on blood pressure?

Increase in blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of nicotine on ganglia?

Initially stimulates and then blocks ganglia Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of beta 2 receptors on the uterus?

Relaxes the uterus Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of hexamethonium on ganglia?

Only blocks ganglia without prior stimulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of trimethaphan on the body?

Blocks ganglia without prior stimulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of dantrolene on muscle cells?

Blocks calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum Signup and view all the answers