Podcast
Questions and Answers
Where do the cell bodies of the second set of neurons in the autonomic motor system originate?
Where do the cell bodies of the second set of neurons in the autonomic motor system originate?
- Ganglion (correct)
- Spinal cord
- Brainstem
- Cerebellum
Where are the autonomic ganglia located?
Where are the autonomic ganglia located?
- In the arms and legs
- In the head, neck, abdomen, and along the spinal cord (correct)
- Only in the abdomen
- Only in the head
From which regions of the spinal cord do the preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division originate?
From which regions of the spinal cord do the preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division originate?
- Thoracic and lumbar (correct)
- Sacral
- Cervical
- Coccygeal
Which neurotransmitters are released by autonomic neurons?
Which neurotransmitters are released by autonomic neurons?
Where do many of the sympathetic neurons that exit the spinal cord below the diaphragm synapse?
Where do many of the sympathetic neurons that exit the spinal cord below the diaphragm synapse?
What is the function of divergence in the sympathetic nervous system?
What is the function of divergence in the sympathetic nervous system?
Where do the postganglionic neurons innervate organs of the digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems?
Where do the postganglionic neurons innervate organs of the digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems?
What is the embryological origin of the adrenal medulla?
What is the embryological origin of the adrenal medulla?
Which part of the adrenal glands secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine when stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system?
Which part of the adrenal glands secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine when stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system?
Which part of the nervous system is also called the craniosacral division?
Which part of the nervous system is also called the craniosacral division?
Which division of the autonomic nervous system has preganglionic neurons that come from the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord?
Which division of the autonomic nervous system has preganglionic neurons that come from the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord?
What type of neurons release only acetylcholine, which is always excitatory?
What type of neurons release only acetylcholine, which is always excitatory?
Where are autonomic ganglia located?
Where are autonomic ganglia located?
What neurotransmitters are mainly released by autonomic neurons?
What neurotransmitters are mainly released by autonomic neurons?
What is the function of convergence in the sympathetic nervous system?
What is the function of convergence in the sympathetic nervous system?
Where do many sympathetic neurons that exit the spinal cord below the diaphragm synapse?
Where do many sympathetic neurons that exit the spinal cord below the diaphragm synapse?
What is the embryological origin of the adrenal medulla?
What is the embryological origin of the adrenal medulla?
Where are the postganglionic neurons that innervate organs of the digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems located?
Where are the postganglionic neurons that innervate organs of the digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems located?
Which part of the nervous system is also called the craniosacral division?
Which part of the nervous system is also called the craniosacral division?
What neurotransmitters are released by the adrenal medulla when stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system?
What neurotransmitters are released by the adrenal medulla when stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system?
Study Notes
Autonomic Motor System
- Cell bodies of the second set of neurons in the autonomic motor system originate from autonomic ganglia.
- Autonomic ganglia are located outside the central nervous system, near the spinal cord.
Sympathetic Division
- Preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division originate from the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord.
- Many sympathetic neurons that exit the spinal cord below the diaphragm synapse in the inferior mesenteric ganglion or the pelvic ganglia.
- The function of divergence in the sympathetic nervous system is to allow a single preganglionic neuron to synapse with multiple postganglionic neurons.
- Postganglionic neurons innervate organs of the digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems in the pelvic cavity and abdominopelvic region.
Neurotransmitters
- Autonomic neurons release acetylcholine and norepinephrine.
- Postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division release norepinephrine, which is often excitatory.
- Preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division release acetylcholine, which is always excitatory.
Adrenal Medulla
- The embryological origin of the adrenal medulla is from the neural crest.
- The adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine when stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system.
Parasympathetic Division
- The parasympathetic division is also called the craniosacral division.
- Preganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic division originate from the brainstem and sacral regions of the spinal cord.
Convergence
- The function of convergence in the sympathetic nervous system is to allow multiple preganglionic neurons to synapse with a single postganglionic neuron.
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Description
Test your knowledge about the two sets of neurons in the autonomic motor system of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). This quiz covers the anatomy and function of preganglionic and postganglionic neurons, including their origin and synapses.
