Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the term used to describe the breakdown of self-tolerance leading to tissue damage and disease?
What is the term used to describe the breakdown of self-tolerance leading to tissue damage and disease?
Where does central tolerance occur in the body?
Where does central tolerance occur in the body?
What happens to mature lymphocytes during peripheral tolerance?
What happens to mature lymphocytes during peripheral tolerance?
Which organs are considered as primary lymphoid organs?
Which organs are considered as primary lymphoid organs?
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What is hypothyroidism?
What is hypothyroidism?
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What is the term for the absence of the normal immune response to a particular antigen or allergen?
What is the term for the absence of the normal immune response to a particular antigen or allergen?
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What can trigger the development of autoimmunity?
What can trigger the development of autoimmunity?
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What is the main role of gene knockout technology in mice in the study of autoimmunity?
What is the main role of gene knockout technology in mice in the study of autoimmunity?
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How can infectious agents contribute to the development of autoimmunity?
How can infectious agents contribute to the development of autoimmunity?
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What is the distinction between organ-specific and systemic autoimmune diseases?
What is the distinction between organ-specific and systemic autoimmune diseases?
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What do immuno-privileged sites represent?
What do immuno-privileged sites represent?
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What do alloantigens refer to?
What do alloantigens refer to?
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Why are antigens sequestered in immunologically privileged sites often targets of autoimmune attack?
Why are antigens sequestered in immunologically privileged sites often targets of autoimmune attack?
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'Molecular mimicry' refers to which phenomenon?
'Molecular mimicry' refers to which phenomenon?
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Which type of autoimmune disease is multiple sclerosis an example of?
Which type of autoimmune disease is multiple sclerosis an example of?
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What is the term for the phenomenon in which immature lymphocytes encounter self-antigens in the primary lymphoid organs and consequently die or become unreactive?
What is the term for the phenomenon in which immature lymphocytes encounter self-antigens in the primary lymphoid organs and consequently die or become unreactive?
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What occurs when mature lymphocytes, having escaped central tolerance, encounter self-antigens in secondary lymphoid organs and undergo anergy, deletion, or suppression?
What occurs when mature lymphocytes, having escaped central tolerance, encounter self-antigens in secondary lymphoid organs and undergo anergy, deletion, or suppression?
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What is the term for the absence of the normal immune response to a particular antigen or allergen?
What is the term for the absence of the normal immune response to a particular antigen or allergen?
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What is the term used to describe the breakdown of self-tolerance leading to tissue damage and disease?
What is the term used to describe the breakdown of self-tolerance leading to tissue damage and disease?
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Where do primary lymphoid organs include special immune system cells called lymphocytes?
Where do primary lymphoid organs include special immune system cells called lymphocytes?
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Which tissues are considered as secondary lymphoid organs?
Which tissues are considered as secondary lymphoid organs?
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What is the term for the breakdown of self-tolerance leading to tissue damage and disease?
What is the term for the breakdown of self-tolerance leading to tissue damage and disease?
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How can infectious agents contribute to the development of autoimmunity?
How can infectious agents contribute to the development of autoimmunity?
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Which type of autoimmune disease is multiple sclerosis an example of?
Which type of autoimmune disease is multiple sclerosis an example of?
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What do alloantigens refer to?
What do alloantigens refer to?
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'Molecular mimicry' refers to which phenomenon?
'Molecular mimicry' refers to which phenomenon?
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Where does central tolerance occur in the body?
Where does central tolerance occur in the body?
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What is hypothyroidism?
What is hypothyroidism?
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What is the term for the absence of the normal immune response to a particular antigen or allergen?
What is the term for the absence of the normal immune response to a particular antigen or allergen?
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Study Notes
Autoimmunity and Immune Tolerance
- Autoimmunity refers to the breakdown of self-tolerance leading to tissue damage and disease.
- Central tolerance occurs in the primary lymphoid organs (thymus and bone marrow).
Immune Tolerance
- Tolerance can be divided into two types: central tolerance and peripheral tolerance.
- During peripheral tolerance, mature lymphocytes undergo anergy, deletion, or suppression when they encounter self-antigens in secondary lymphoid organs.
- The term for the absence of the normal immune response to a particular antigen or allergen is tolerance or immune tolerance.
Primary and Secondary Lymphoid Organs
- Primary lymphoid organs include the thymus and bone marrow, where special immune system cells called lymphocytes are produced.
- Secondary lymphoid organs include lymph nodes, spleen, and lymphoid tissues.
Autoimmune Diseases
- Hypothyroidism is an example of an autoimmune disease.
- Multiple sclerosis is an example of an organ-specific autoimmune disease.
- Autoimmune diseases can be categorized into two types: organ-specific and systemic.
Immuno-Privileged Sites and Alloantigens
- Immuno-privileged sites are tissues that are protected from the immune system, such as the brain and eyes.
- Alloantigens refer to antigens that come from a donor of the same species.
- Antigens sequestered in immunologically privileged sites are often targets of autoimmune attack.
Molecular Mimicry and Gene Knockout Technology
- Molecular mimicry refers to the phenomenon where the immune system mistakes a self-antigen for a foreign antigen, leading to an autoimmune response.
- Gene knockout technology in mice is used to study autoimmunity by knocking out specific genes involved in the immune response.
Infectious Agents and Autoimmunity
- Infectious agents can contribute to the development of autoimmunity by triggering the immune system to respond to self-antigens.
- Infectious agents can also trigger the development of autoimmunity through molecular mimicry.
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Description
Test your knowledge of autoimmunity and self-tolerance mechanisms with this quiz. Explore the concepts of immune response, self-antigens, and the breakdown of self-tolerance.
