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Autoimmune Diseases and Gender Differences

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Autoimmune Diseases and Gender Differences

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Questions and Answers

What happens when autoimmune diseases occur?

The body's tissues attack the immune system

The immune system targets healthy cells

The immune system attacks the body's tissues (correct)

The body's natural defenses fight external pathogens

Why are women more likely to get autoimmune diseases than men?

Because women have more immune cells than men

Women have weaker immune systems compared to men

Men are more prone to genetic mutations

Due to differences in how the body handles females' second X chromosome (correct)

How many chromosomes are typically found in a human cell?

48 pairs

46 pairs

22 pairs

23 pairs (correct)

Which autoimmune disorder is NOT mentioned in the text?

Type 2 Diabetes (D) Signup and view all the answers

What did E. John Wherry say about the new research?

"the way we think about this whole process of autoimmunity." (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is one theory behind why women are more prone to autoimmune diseases?

The presence of two X chromosomes in females (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the special kind of RNA responsible for X-chromosome inactivation?

Xist (D) Signup and view all the answers

What did Dr. Howard Chang's lab find attached to Xist during their exploration?

Nearly 100 proteins (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why does Xist by itself not cause autoimmune disease in all women?

It takes a combination of genes and an environmental event to cause autoimmune problems. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What did researchers discover about male mice with artificially produced Xist when exposed to a lupus-like condition?

They developed lupus-like autoimmunity similar to females. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why did researchers look at blood from 100 patients in addition to studying mice?

To identify autoantibodies targeting Xist-related proteins (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does Dr. Wherry suggest the findings about autoantibodies targeting Xist-related proteins could provide doctors with?

A quicker way to diagnose patients with autoimmune conditions (A) Signup and view all the answers