Autoimmune Diseases and Gender Differences
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Autoimmune Diseases and Gender Differences

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Questions and Answers

What happens when autoimmune diseases occur?

  • The body's tissues attack the immune system
  • The immune system targets healthy cells
  • The immune system attacks the body's tissues (correct)
  • The body's natural defenses fight external pathogens

    • Why are women more likely to get autoimmune diseases than men?

  • Because women have more immune cells than men
  • Women have weaker immune systems compared to men
  • Men are more prone to genetic mutations
  • Due to differences in how the body handles females' second X chromosome (correct)

    • How many chromosomes are typically found in a human cell?

  • 48 pairs
  • 46 pairs
  • 22 pairs
  • 23 pairs (correct)

    • Which autoimmune disorder is NOT mentioned in the text?

    <p>Type 2 Diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did E. John Wherry say about the new research?

    <p>&quot;the way we think about this whole process of autoimmunity.&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one theory behind why women are more prone to autoimmune diseases?

    <p>The presence of two X chromosomes in females</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the special kind of RNA responsible for X-chromosome inactivation?

    <p>Xist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Dr. Howard Chang's lab find attached to Xist during their exploration?

    <p>Nearly 100 proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does Xist by itself not cause autoimmune disease in all women?

    <p>It takes a combination of genes and an environmental event to cause autoimmune problems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did researchers discover about male mice with artificially produced Xist when exposed to a lupus-like condition?

    <p>They developed lupus-like autoimmunity similar to females.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did researchers look at blood from 100 patients in addition to studying mice?

    <p>To identify autoantibodies targeting Xist-related proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Dr. Wherry suggest the findings about autoantibodies targeting Xist-related proteins could provide doctors with?

    <p>A quicker way to diagnose patients with autoimmune conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

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