Podcast
Questions and Answers
IWM are self-__________
IWM are self-__________
fulfilling
Reality does not match the idealized ________
Reality does not match the idealized ________
model
The four components of IWMs include memories, beliefs, attachment-related goals, and ________ for achieving those goals.
The four components of IWMs include memories, beliefs, attachment-related goals, and ________ for achieving those goals.
strategies
Parents’ internal model of childhood ________ govern how they behave as attachment figures.
Parents’ internal model of childhood ________ govern how they behave as attachment figures.
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A child may feel resentful if their parents reject them because the child feels ________.
A child may feel resentful if their parents reject them because the child feels ________.
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They overemphasize the potentially threatening aspects of even benign ______.
They overemphasize the potentially threatening aspects of even benign ______.
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Emotion-focused coping involves shifting attention to internal indications of distress, making them seem more ______.
Emotion-focused coping involves shifting attention to internal indications of distress, making them seem more ______.
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Hypervigilance to the physiological aspect of ______ states can lead to increased anxiety.
Hypervigilance to the physiological aspect of ______ states can lead to increased anxiety.
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Anxious people often focus on personal weaknesses, fostering chronic doubt about ______.
Anxious people often focus on personal weaknesses, fostering chronic doubt about ______.
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Avoidant individuals often divert attention from self-relevant sources of ______.
Avoidant individuals often divert attention from self-relevant sources of ______.
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Defensive distortions are a hallmark of ______ attachment strategies.
Defensive distortions are a hallmark of ______ attachment strategies.
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The goal of anxious individuals is often to elicit others' compassion and ______.
The goal of anxious individuals is often to elicit others' compassion and ______.
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Ineffective courses of action can lead to self-defeating behaviors and ______.
Ineffective courses of action can lead to self-defeating behaviors and ______.
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Relationships with congenial companions involve spending a lot of time in activities of mutual ______.
Relationships with congenial companions involve spending a lot of time in activities of mutual ______.
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Close, intimate relationships often involve seeking company ______.
Close, intimate relationships often involve seeking company ______.
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Bonds between army buddies often represent strong emotional ______.
Bonds between army buddies often represent strong emotional ______.
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During childhood, 6-7 year olds often participate in playmate and ______.
During childhood, 6-7 year olds often participate in playmate and ______.
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By the ages of 12-14, friendships are characterized as being ______.
By the ages of 12-14, friendships are characterized as being ______.
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Older siblings may play a parental, caregiving role and become a supplementary ______ figure.
Older siblings may play a parental, caregiving role and become a supplementary ______ figure.
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Ambivalent feelings can be part of enduring affectional ______.
Ambivalent feelings can be part of enduring affectional ______.
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When close in age, siblings may also become ______ or best friends.
When close in age, siblings may also become ______ or best friends.
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Caregiving ______ refers to the caregiver's responsiveness and emotional attunement.
Caregiving ______ refers to the caregiver's responsiveness and emotional attunement.
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Prolonged separation can lead to persistent feelings of fear, ______, or sadness.
Prolonged separation can lead to persistent feelings of fear, ______, or sadness.
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Attachment disruptions create fundamental fear and uncertainty about a caregiver's ______.
Attachment disruptions create fundamental fear and uncertainty about a caregiver's ______.
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Dysfunctional emotional and defensive responses can impair ______ functioning.
Dysfunctional emotional and defensive responses can impair ______ functioning.
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Insecure attachment is related to low sexual ______ in couples.
Insecure attachment is related to low sexual ______ in couples.
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Bowlby and Robertson observed children's reactions to prolonged ______ from their caregivers.
Bowlby and Robertson observed children's reactions to prolonged ______ from their caregivers.
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Defensive strategies reduce the ability to engage in emotionally attuned ______ with caregivers.
Defensive strategies reduce the ability to engage in emotionally attuned ______ with caregivers.
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Children’s emotional reactions may become ______ when they no longer signal for comfort.
Children’s emotional reactions may become ______ when they no longer signal for comfort.
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Marital disaffection refers to the weakening over time of emotional attachment to the ______.
Marital disaffection refers to the weakening over time of emotional attachment to the ______.
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Co-parental divorce involves joint legal custody where both parents have input into ______ regarding their children.
Co-parental divorce involves joint legal custody where both parents have input into ______ regarding their children.
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Economic divorce includes the division of ______ between spouses.
Economic divorce includes the division of ______ between spouses.
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Community divorce occurs when parents detach from old couple ______ and lack new social support.
Community divorce occurs when parents detach from old couple ______ and lack new social support.
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Psychic divorce involves accepting the ______ and regaining a sense of individuality.
Psychic divorce involves accepting the ______ and regaining a sense of individuality.
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Spiritual divorce can involve crisis in ______ and feelings of guilt and blame.
Spiritual divorce can involve crisis in ______ and feelings of guilt and blame.
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Emotional bonds and emotional and sexual orientation networks may become ______ after divorce.
Emotional bonds and emotional and sexual orientation networks may become ______ after divorce.
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Marriages often start to deteriorate way before ______.
Marriages often start to deteriorate way before ______.
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Secure people have grounded self-worth, self-esteem, competence, and ______.
Secure people have grounded self-worth, self-esteem, competence, and ______.
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When faced with stress or threats, secure individuals find comfort in their own ______.
When faced with stress or threats, secure individuals find comfort in their own ______.
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Secure adults handle interpersonal conflicts by compromising and integrating their own and their partner's ______.
Secure adults handle interpersonal conflicts by compromising and integrating their own and their partner's ______.
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Emotion regulation for secure individuals includes positive ______ of the situation.
Emotion regulation for secure individuals includes positive ______ of the situation.
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If an attachment figure is available, secure people can take necessary ______ and accept important challenges.
If an attachment figure is available, secure people can take necessary ______ and accept important challenges.
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Insecure attachment uses defensive ______ that distort emotion regulation.
Insecure attachment uses defensive ______ that distort emotion regulation.
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Anxious people generate and intensify emotional states related to ______.
Anxious people generate and intensify emotional states related to ______.
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Secure individuals tend to feel affection toward their relationship ______.
Secure individuals tend to feel affection toward their relationship ______.
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Secure attachment is associated with cognitive ______ and less dogmatic thinking.
Secure attachment is associated with cognitive ______ and less dogmatic thinking.
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Emotion regulation in avoidant people often involves suppressing thoughts related to fear, sadness, and ______.
Emotion regulation in avoidant people often involves suppressing thoughts related to fear, sadness, and ______.
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Secure individuals experience and express ______ more easily in their relationships.
Secure individuals experience and express ______ more easily in their relationships.
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Insecure attachment strategies may alter or suppress the ______ of emotions.
Insecure attachment strategies may alter or suppress the ______ of emotions.
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Anxious hyperactivating strategies in relationships involve intensifying emotional states related to ______.
Anxious hyperactivating strategies in relationships involve intensifying emotional states related to ______.
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Positive views of partners are characteristics of ______ individuals.
Positive views of partners are characteristics of ______ individuals.
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Insecure attachment often causes difficulties in reappraising events that elicit ______.
Insecure attachment often causes difficulties in reappraising events that elicit ______.
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Study Notes
Emotional Bonds and Sexual Orientation
- Exam: 80% (multiple choice and theoretical questions, potentially practical cases)
- Report: 10% (interview with a couple)
- In-class activities: 10%
- Report requirements:
- Couple must have been together for at least one year.
- Students to review slides and relevant textbook chapter.
Unit 1: Attachment Bond
-
Attachment Concept:
- Needs
- Reasons
- Whys
- Examples (e.g., choice of seating)
- Connection
- Bond
- Boundaries
- Sense of belonging
- Identity of couple vs. individual identity
- "Them" vs. "Us" (couple identity merging)
- Feelings of security
- Needs
-
Attachment Development:
- Stages/phases in the development of attachment
-
Early 20th Century Children in Institutions:
- Harlow experiments (relevant studies)
Impact of Early Life Deprivation
- Increased brain activity in individuals not institutionalized
- Secure vs. insecure attachment (periods of development)
- Institutional syndrome
- Less brain activity
- Physical underdevelopment
- Linguistic delays
- Failure to form attachments in secure figures
Bowlby's Contributions to Child Development and Practice
- Minimizing separations
- Importance of physical contact with parents
- Presence of fathers at birth
- More time with a child
Attachment vs. Attachment Behavior
- Attachment = being strongly disposed towards a close proximity to and contact with an individual, especially in certain conditions
- Attachment behavior = the observed behaviors for maintaining proximity
Proximity Examples
- Therapist/coworker/coach/teacher/roommate
- Feelings of security, trust
Security, Development, Fear and Angst
- Shoulds
- Desires
- Wants
- Needs
- Reality
Behavioral Systems
- Homeostatic balancing: all need to be balanced (attachment system, exploratory, etc.)
Attachment Relationship Functions
- Secure base for exploration
- Safe haven for returning after threats
- Proximity seeking & protest at separation (behaviors needed to maintain closeness)
- Psychological proximity (in times of less physical proximity)
- Secure types vs. insecure types (accurate reflection of experiences)
Different Types of Attachment (Ainsworth)
- Secure: Active exploration; upset by separation; positive response to caregiver
- Avoidant: Detachment behaviors; avoidance of caregiver
- Anxious-ambivalent: Protest behaviors; distress at separation, anger and ambivalence to caregiver
The Strange Situation Experiment (Table 1.1 & 1.2)
- Series of incidents involving mother and infant in a strange room to observe attachment behaviors.
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Description
Test your knowledge on attachment theory concepts, including internal working models (IWMs) and coping strategies. This quiz covers key terms and ideas related to attachment styles and parental influences on emotional development.
