ATP-ADP Cycle Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the structural difference between ATP and ADP?

ADP has two phosphates while ATP has three.

Which molecules are contained in both ATP and ADP?

Adenosine, phosphate, ribose

In which structure, ATP or ADP, is more energy stored? Where is the energy stored?

ATP has more energy stored and it is stored in the 2nd and 3rd phosphate bonds.

Describe what takes place in the process of converting ADP to ATP.

Another phosphate group is added to ADP and results in ATP and water. Signup and view all the answers

Describe what happens in the process of converting ATP to ADP.

Hydrolysis breaks the bond of the 3rd phosphate from the ATP producing ADP and releasing energy. Signup and view all the answers

What is the ATP-ADP cycle?

It describes how a cell regenerates its ATP supply. Signup and view all the answers

Why do cells need energy released from the breakdown of ATP?

Movement, maintenance of body temperature, active transport, chemical reactions, protein synthesis, DNA replication. Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of ATP?

Adenine, ribose, 3 phosphate groups. Signup and view all the answers

What does ATP stand for?

Adenosine triphosphate. Signup and view all the answers

What is AMP?

Adenosine monophosphate. Signup and view all the answers

What is an endergonic reaction?

A chemical reaction that requires the input of energy in order to proceed. Signup and view all the answers

What is an exergonic reaction?

Chemical reactions that release energy. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

ATP and ADP Structure

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) has three phosphate groups, while ADP (adenosine diphosphate) contains two.
Both ATP and ADP consist of adenosine, phosphate groups, and ribose sugar.

Energy Storage

ATP stores more energy than ADP, specifically in the bonds connecting the second and third phosphate groups.

Conversion Processes

ADP converts to ATP by adding a phosphate group, producing ATP and water in the process.
ATP is converted to ADP through hydrolysis, which breaks the bond of the third phosphate, releasing energy.

ATP-ADP Cycle

The ATP-ADP cycle describes the continuous regeneration of ATP in cells: ADP forms when ATP loses a phosphate, and ATP is restored as ADP gains a phosphate.

Cellular Energy Needs

Cells require energy from ATP breakdown for various processes, including movement, maintenance of body temperature, active transport, biochemical reactions, protein synthesis, and DNA replication.

ATP Components

ATP is composed of adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups.

Acronyms

ATP stands for adenosine triphosphate.
AMP (adenosine monophosphate) is derived from ATP when two phosphate groups are removed.

Reaction Types

Endergonic reactions require energy input to proceed, such as ADP + P + energy forming ATP.
Exergonic reactions release energy, exemplified by ATP converting to ADP + P + energy.

Description

Test your knowledge on the ATP-ADP cycle with these flashcards. Understand the structural differences between ATP and ADP, identify their components, and learn where the energy is stored in these molecules. Ideal for students studying biochemistry and cellular energy processes.