30 Questions
What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy an orbital in an atom?
2
Which of the following rules is used to predict the energy of an orbital in an atom?
(n+l) Rule
What is the shape of the 3d orbital in an atom?
Four-leaf clover
Which of the following elements has an unexpected electronic configuration?
Copper
What is the orientation of the 4f orbital in an atom?
Along the z-axis
What is the primary reason for the extra stability of half-filled and completely filled subshells?
Symmetrical distribution of electrons
What type of energy is released during the exchange of electrons in degenerate orbitals?
Exchange energy
What is the configuration of Cr that contributes to its extra stability?
1s 2 2 s 2 sp 6 3 s 2 3 p 6 4 s 1 3d 5
What is the Hund's Rule explanation for the extra stability of half-filled and completely filled subshells?
Electrons with parallel spins in degenerate orbitals tend to exchange their position
What is the primary difference between isotopes and isobars?
Number of neutrons
What is the orientation of the F-orbital in an atom?
Dumbbell shape
What determines the position of an element in the periodic table?
Number of protons
What do isodiaphers have in common?
Same atomic number and mass number
What is the primary difference between isosters and isolectronic species?
Molecular structure
What determines the chemical properties of an element?
Number of electrons
What is the significance of the magnetic quantum number (m) in an atom?
It represents the number of permitted orientation of subshells
What is the relationship between the value of 'm' and the orbital angular momentum quantum number 'l'?
m varies from -l to +l
What is the total value of 'm' for a given value of 'n'?
n^2
What determines the maximum spin of an atom?
Number of unpaired electrons
What is the significance of the spin of an electron?
It can be clockwise or anticlockwise
What is the purpose of the Schrödinger wave equation in atomic physics?
To calculate the probability of finding an electron at a given point
What is the relationship between the principal quantum number (n) and the energy of an electron in an orbit?
The energy of an electron is directly proportional to the principal quantum number
What is the significance of the azimuthal quantum number (l) in atomic physics?
It is related to the angular momentum of an electron
What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy an orbit represented by the principal quantum number (n)?
2n^2
What is the purpose of the set of four quantum numbers (n, l, m, and s) in describing an electron?
To describe the electron as a three-dimensional wave
What does the Laplacian operator () represent in quantum mechanics?
A mathematical operator used to determine the number of subshells
What is the significance of the wave function () in quantum mechanics?
It represents the amplitude of the electron wave
What is the relationship between the value of 'l' and the number of principle shell 'n'?
l = n - 1
What is the spin quantum number (s) equal to?
- 1/2 and - 1/2
What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy a subshell?
2(2l + 1)
Test your knowledge of atomic orbitals, electron configuration, and the rules that govern them, such as the (n+l) rule. Understand how electrons are arranged in orbitals and the energy levels of different orbitals.
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