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Questions and Answers
Which statement is true about Dalton's atomic theory?
Which statement is true about Dalton's atomic theory?
What was Rutherford's primary contribution to the atomic model?
What was Rutherford's primary contribution to the atomic model?
According to Bohr's model, how are electrons organized around the nucleus?
According to Bohr's model, how are electrons organized around the nucleus?
Which statement best describes Thompson's model of the atom?
Which statement best describes Thompson's model of the atom?
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What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the third energy level according to Bohr's model?
What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the third energy level according to Bohr's model?
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Study Notes
Atomic Models
- Different scientists developed models of the atom, including Dalton, Thompson, Rutherford, and Bohr.
- Dalton proposed that atoms are indivisible.
- Thomson's model suggested that atoms have negatively charged particles (electrons) embedded within a positive sphere (like a plum pudding).
- Rutherford's gold foil experiment showed that atoms have a small, dense, positively charged nucleus, with electrons orbiting around it.
- Bohr's model proposed that electrons orbit the nucleus in specific energy levels.
Periodic Table
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Gold foil Experiment
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Rutherford used a beam of alpha particles to shoot at a thin gold foil
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Most particles passed straight through, but some were deflected or bounced back
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This provided evidence of a dense, positively charged nucleus at the centre of the atom
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Arrangement of Elements
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Elements are arranged in rows (periods) and columns (groups) based on their atomic structure and properties.
Atomic Structure & Properties
- Atoms consist of electrons (negative charge), protons (positive charge), and neutrons (no charge).
- The number of protons in an atom determines its atomic number and defines the element.
- Atoms typically have equal numbers of protons and electrons (neutral charge).
- Elements in the same group (column) have similar properties, due to their similar electron configurations.
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Description
Explore the evolution of atomic models proposed by scientists like Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, and Bohr. Delve into key experiments, including Rutherford's gold foil experiment, and understand the arrangement of elements in the periodic table based on their atomic structure.
