Atherosclerosis Pathophysiology Summary
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Questions and Answers

What is the initial event in atherogenesis?

  • Inflammation of vessel wall
  • Oxidation of LDL
  • Increase in foam cells
  • Endothelial damage (correct)

    • Which cells make up the majority of atherosclerotic plaque?

  • Monocytes
  • Smooth muscle cells (correct)
  • Leukocytes
  • Macrophages

    • What contributes to the lumen narrowing in atherosclerosis?

  • Decrease in foam cells
  • Endothelial regeneration
  • Calcification of plaques (correct)
  • Increase in leukocytes

    • Which group has a higher risk for atherogenesis based on ethnicity?

    <p>South Asians</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In atherogenesis, what is the role of thrombosis?

    <p>Contributes to acute events</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is NOT listed as an environmental risk factor for atherogenesis?

    <p>Hypothyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cellular component attracting leukocytes in atherosclerosis?

    <p>Macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do endothelial cells respond to low endothelial sheer stress?

    <p>Activate pro-atherogenic gene expression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do smooth muscle cells play in atherogenesis?

    <p>Produce free radicals and excess extracellular matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes a vulnerable plaque?

    <p>Susceptibility to rupture due to structural weakness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does thrombosis contribute to atherogenesis?

    <p>Platelets and thrombin become part of the plaque</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In atherogenesis, what do dendritic cells primarily interact with?

    <p>T-cells and B-cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do medical therapies target atherosclerosis pathophysiology?

    <p>Reduce endothelial dysfunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of smooth muscle cells in maintaining normal blood pressure?

    <p>Modulate arterial diameter and tone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of ASA in medical therapy for atherosclerosis?

    <p>Reduces LDL particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does endothelial dysfunction lead to inflammation and atherosclerosis?

    <p>Loses alignment and becomes less permeable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of extracellular matrix in arterial health?

    <p>Provide structural integrity and flexibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

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