Atherosclerosis Pathophysiology Summary

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Questions and Answers

What is the initial event in atherogenesis?

  • Inflammation of vessel wall
  • Oxidation of LDL
  • Increase in foam cells
  • Endothelial damage (correct)

Which cells make up the majority of atherosclerotic plaque?

  • Monocytes
  • Smooth muscle cells (correct)
  • Leukocytes
  • Macrophages

What contributes to the lumen narrowing in atherosclerosis?

  • Decrease in foam cells
  • Endothelial regeneration
  • Calcification of plaques (correct)
  • Increase in leukocytes

Which group has a higher risk for atherogenesis based on ethnicity?

<p>South Asians (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In atherogenesis, what is the role of thrombosis?

<p>Contributes to acute events (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is NOT listed as an environmental risk factor for atherogenesis?

<p>Hypothyroidism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cellular component attracting leukocytes in atherosclerosis?

<p>Macrophages (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do endothelial cells respond to low endothelial sheer stress?

<p>Activate pro-atherogenic gene expression (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do smooth muscle cells play in atherogenesis?

<p>Produce free radicals and excess extracellular matrix (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a vulnerable plaque?

<p>Susceptibility to rupture due to structural weakness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does thrombosis contribute to atherogenesis?

<p>Platelets and thrombin become part of the plaque (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In atherogenesis, what do dendritic cells primarily interact with?

<p>T-cells and B-cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do medical therapies target atherosclerosis pathophysiology?

<p>Reduce endothelial dysfunction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of smooth muscle cells in maintaining normal blood pressure?

<p>Modulate arterial diameter and tone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of ASA in medical therapy for atherosclerosis?

<p>Reduces LDL particles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does endothelial dysfunction lead to inflammation and atherosclerosis?

<p>Loses alignment and becomes less permeable (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of extracellular matrix in arterial health?

<p>Provide structural integrity and flexibility (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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