Questions and Answers
What is an elevation?
Exterior face of a building.
What is a portico?
A structure consisting of a roof supported by columns at regular intervals, typically attached as a porch to a building.
What is an entablature?
A horizontal, continuous lintel on a classical building supported by columns or a wall, comprising the architrave, frieze, and cornice.
What is an architrave?
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What is a cornice?
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What are dentils?
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What is a frieze?
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What is a tympanum?
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What is a column?
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What is a pilaster?
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What is a flute in terms of architecture?
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What is a capital?
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What is the shaft in relation to a column?
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What is a stylobate?
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What is a stereobate?
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What is a triglyph?
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What is a metope?
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What is a crepidoma?
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What is a pediment?
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What is a plan in architecture?
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What is a cella?
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What is a colonnade?
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What is the Doric Order?
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What is the Ionic Order?
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What is the Corinthian Order?
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What is octastyle?
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What is a balustrade?
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What is a blind window?
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What is trabeated construction?
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What is arcuated construction?
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What is a Roman arch?
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What is the extrados of an arch?
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What is the intrados of an arch?
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What is a voussoir?
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What is a springer?
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What is a keystone?
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What is an abutment?
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What is a stilted arch?
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What is a Gothic arch?
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What is a Moorish arch?
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What is a Tudor arch?
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What is a trefoil arch?
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What is an ogee arch?
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How do you describe a shape of a building?
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What are the possible focal points of a building?
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Study Notes
Architectural Terminology
- Elevation: Refers to the exterior face of a building.
- Portico: A roofed structure supported by columns, often used as a porch.
- Entablature: Horizontal element on classical buildings, includes architrave, frieze, and cornice, supported by columns or walls.
Components of the Entablature
- Architrave: A plain, unembellished section of the entablature.
- Cornice: Projecting molding, typically at the top of walls or columns.
- Dentils: Rectangular, tooth-like elements forming a decorative band in a cornice.
- Frieze: The central part of the entablature, often highly ornamented.
- Tympanum: Highly decorative space enclosed by a pediment.
Column Structures
- Column: Vertical support structure with a base, shaft, and capital; can stand alone as a monument.
- Pilaster: A rectangular column that projects from a wall.
- Flute: Inward grooves on a column shaft.
- Capital: The decorated uppermost part of a column.
- Shaft: The long, narrower section of a column.
Base and Foundation
- Stylobate: The topmost step of the platform supporting columns.
- Stereobate: The stepped base on which a temple stands, used in Greek architecture.
- Crepidoma: The three-stepped foundation of a temple or temple front.
Classical Orders of Architecture
- Doric Order: Simplest Greek architectural style, characterized by unadorned columns without bases.
- Ionic Order: Features scroll-like volutes, columns with bases, and uninterrupted friezes.
- Corinthian Order: Most ornate order, includes a base, fluted shafts, and elaborately decorated capitals with acanthus leaves.
Architectural Features
- Octastyle: A design with eight columns at the front or rear of a Greek temple.
- Balustrade: A protective railing on staircases or balconies.
- Blind Window: A window frame enclosing solid wall; maintains rhythm of window arrangement in structures.
- Trabeated Construction: Structures made using vertical posts and horizontal beams.
- Arcuated Construction: Utilizes arches instead of posts and lintels, common in Roman architecture.
Arch Components
- Roman Arch: A traditional round arch structure.
- Extrados: The upper, convex surface of an arch.
- Intrados: The lower, concave surface of an arch.
- Voussoir: Wedge-shaped stone used in arch construction.
- Springer: The first voussoir resting on the arch's impost.
- Keystone: The central wedge-shaped stone at the crown of an arch.
- Abutment: The base or foundation of an arch.
- Stilted Arch: An arch resting on imposts treated as downward extensions of the archivolt.
Types of Arches
- Gothic Arch: A pointed arch known for its two centers and equal radii.
- Moorish Arch: Also referred to as the horseshoe arch.
- Tudor Arch: A four-centered arch with two sets of curves.
- Trefoil Arch: An arch with a cusped intrados featuring three foils.
- Ogee Arch: Composed of two double-curving lines meeting at a point.
Building Characteristics
- Shape Descriptions: Buildings can be described as simple or complex, curvilinear or rectilinear.
- Focal Points: Potential focal points in buildings include central emphasis and apex.
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Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards on key architectural terms in art history. Each term is defined to help you understand important concepts like elevation, portico, and entablature. Perfect for students or enthusiasts looking to deepen their vocabulary in architectural terminology.