Architectural Terms Quiz

Pronaos = The inner portico in front of the naos or cella Epinaos = Posticum which serves as the treasury chamber Dado = The portion of the pedestal between its base & cornice In antis = Temples with 1-4 columns between antae at the front

Henostyle = One column Dystyle = Two columns Hexastyle = Six columns Decastyle = Ten columns

Doric = One of the original two orders of architecture Ionic = Evolved alongside the Doric order Corinthian = A purely decorative variant of Greek architecture Hellenic = Refers to the main branches of the Greek race

<p>Pentastyle = Five columns Heptastyle = Seven columns Enneastyle = Nine columns Dodecastyle = Twelve columns</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Naos = The inner chamber of a temple Cella = Another term for the temple's inner chamber Opistodomus = A chamber at the rear of the temple Portico = An entrance structure supported by columns</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Architectural terms = Vocabulary specific to building design Forms of Greek temple = Various structural arrangements of Greek temples Treasury chamber = Room used for storing valuables Column arrangement = Design layout of temple columns</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tristyle = Three columns Tetrastyle = Four columns Ocatstyle = Eight columns Dodecastyle = Twelve columns</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hellenic architecture = Origin of the Doric and Ionic orders Roman architecture = Development and full identity of the Corinthian order Classical architecture = The overarching style encompassing early Greek influences Decorative architecture = Focus on aesthetics rather than structural simplicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abacus = The flat square slab on top of the capital Cyclostyle = A circular colonnade Fluting = Shallow, concave grooves running vertically on a column Dromos = The long deep passageway to an ancient Egyptian tomb</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>North Italy = Temperature region of Europe Central Italy = A mix of different climates South Italy = Almost tropical</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Polytheistic = Religion that worships multiple deities Etruscans = People influencing Roman rituals Fatalism = Acceptance of domination by gods Temples = Buildings constructed for worship</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Andron = Part of a building used by men Apotheca = Wine storage room Cyrtostyle = Circular projecting portico Dentils = Small square blocks in cornices</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glyptotheca = A sculpture gallery Hecatompedon = A building 100 feet long or wide 753 B.C. = Year considered the legendary foundation of Rome Sixth century B.C. = Period of significant development for Romans</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Entasis = Slight convex curve on columns Glyptotheca = Gallery for sculptures Cyrtostyle = Type of portico Fluting = Grooves on a column surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conquerors = Romans were not colonizers National love of power = Outward expression of Roman identity Emperors = Venerated more than gods Worship structures = Fewer temples due to societal beliefs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Konistra = Orchestra area in ancient Greek theater Dromos = Passageway to a tomb Fluting = Vertical decoration on columns Glyptotheca = Place for displaying sculptures</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Architrave = The main beam that rests on top of columns. Frieze = A decorative horizontal band along the upper part of a wall. Cornice = A projecting element that crowns a wall or building. Caucoli = Ornamental stalks in a Corinthian capital.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Parthenon, Athens = Doric, Peripteral, Octastyle Temple of Zeus Olympus = Doric, Pseudo-Peripteral, Heptastyle Temple of Apollo Epicurius = Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, Peripteral, Hexastyle Temple of Nike Apteros = Ionic, AmphiProstyle, Tetrastyle</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Modillion = A bracket supporting a cornice. Ancones = Consoles on either side of a doorway. Corona = The vertical face of the upper portion of a cornice. Dentils = Small rectangular blocks in a cornice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Doric Order = The simplest of the Greek architectural orders. Ionic Order = Characterized by volutes or scroll-like ornaments. Corinthian Order = The most elaborate Greek order, resembling an inverted bell. Composite Order = A combination of Ionic and Corinthian elements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ictinus = The Parthenon, Athens Theron = Temple of Zeus Olympus Cossutius = The Olympeion, Athens Phidias = Sculptor for the Parthenon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cornice = Crowning member of a wall. Frieze = Ornamental band that often depicts scenes. Caryatid = Support in place of a column. Modillion = Supports the weight of upper cornice members.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Doric = Sturdy, fluted columns with no base. Ionic = Columns with a base and volutes. Corinthian = Elaborate capitals with acanthus leaves. Composite = Mixed elements of Ionic and Corinthian styles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Egg and Dart = A decorative motif alternately shaped like an egg and a dart. Dentil = A small, tooth-like block used in cornices. Volute = Scroll-like ornamentation on capitals. Acroterion = An ornament placed on the apex of a roof.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tholos = A subterranean stone-vaulted construction shaped like a beehive Rock-cut tomb = A rectangular chamber about 3.6 to 6.1m cube cut within a hillside Dromos = A passage open to the sky leading to a tomb Entablature = The horizontal structure supported by columns</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parthenon = Principal temple Pinacotheca = Picture gallery Glyptotheca = Sculpture gallery Erechtheion = Important religious site</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Columnar = Constructive system that supports entablatures Trabeated = System based on beams and columns Cyclopean masonry = Large stone construction technique Timber form imitated in stone = Transition to stone structures in the 600 BC period</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Temenos = Sacred enclosure or citadel Acropolis = Upper city in ancient Greece Chamber tomb = Tomb cut into the hillside Dromos = Access passage to a tomb</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Columns = Vertical supports in Greek architecture Entablatures = Horizontal elements above columns Masonry = Construction material and technique Roof structure = Often domed or flat in design</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tholos = Typically contains a domed chamber Rock-cut tomb = Usually about 3.6 to 6.1m square Chamber tomb = Rectangular in shape and cut into rock Subterranean tomb = Located below ground level</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Erechtheion = Complex with multiple levels The Parthenon = Iconic structure with Doric columns Old Temple of Athena = Preceding temple structure to Parthenon Statue of Athena = Cultural symbol located within the Acropolis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>650-323 BC = Hellenic Period characterized by grave monuments 600 BC = Transition from timber to stone in structures Mycenaean period = Known for cyclopean masonry Classical period = Emphasis on symmetry and proportion in buildings</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Theater of Dionysos = An ancient theater dedicated to Dionysus. Stoa of Eumenes = A covered walkway or portico. Odeion of Herodes Atticus = A large theater used for musical performances. Temple of Nike Apteros = A temple dedicated to the wingless Victory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Agora = The focus of Greek political and economic life. Piazza = Italian equivalent of a public square. Place = French term for a public square. Forum = Roman public square for commerce and politics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Civic Square at Miletus = An ancient Greek city in Asia Minor. Civic Square at Ephesus = A major trade center in ancient times. Civic Square at Priene = A well-preserved ancient Greek town. Civic Square at Athens = The political heart of ancient Greece.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dipteral = Temples with a double line of columns surrounding the naos. Pseudo-dipteral = Similar to dipteral but lacking inner columns. Rectangular plan = Typical layout shape of Greek temples. Crepidoma = A stepped platform on which temples were built.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Naos = Principal chamber containing the deity's statue. Porticoes = Covered entrances typically with columns. Colonnades = Rows of columns supporting a roof. Altar = Sacred site for offerings, often outside.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>34 rings of masonry = The structural composition of the Treasury of Atreus. Pointed dome = The architectural feature capping the Treasury. Sculpture adornments = Enhancements on temples dedicated to deities. Outward effect = Intentional emphasis on visual presentation of temples.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Columns = Support structures for temples. Steps = Access to the temple raised above ground. Statue of deity = Central element within the naos. Altar = Site for sacrifices and offerings to gods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Agora = Present-day 'Market'. Piazza = Italian term for a public square. Place = French for a square. Forum = Roman area for public affairs.</p> Signup and view all the answers