Art Appreciation Quiz: Humanistic Discipline Module 2

Study Notes

The human brain, weighing only about 3 pounds, gives us the ability to reason and think on our feet beyond the capabilities of the rest of the animal kingdom.
Empathy is a common human phenomenon, associated with advanced intelligence, which allows us to understand the harms or benefits that impact other humans, as well as their associated feelings.
To be human is to have a logical mind and a feeling heart.

Through art and language, we learn about:
- Nature: land, water, and air (chemistry, physics, geology); plants and animals (zoology, botany, biology) which falls under Natural Sciences.
- Culture: common knowledge (sociology, psychology, political science, and anthropology); art and language (humanities, linguistics, and history) that falls under Social Sciences.

A term developed by Marxist theorist Louis Althusser to denote institutions that transmit state values and maintain order in a society, reproducing capitalist relations of production.
These institutions utilize art and language to influence and teach people.
Schools and educational institutions are part of the Ideological state apparatus, preparing working-class pupils to accept a life of exploitation.

The early Filipino inhabitants were mostly river dwellers, educated through rituals and beliefs using oral tradition.
Using art and language, important knowledge was passed on from one generation to another.
The church "controlled" education using art and language through oral traditions, observing that Filipinos were fond of poetry.

ART CREATION, ART PRACTICE
ART APPRECIATION, SPECTATOR THEORY
SCIENCES: deals with Natural and Physical Phenomena, using the Scientific method.
HUMANITIES: deals with Human Phenomena, using the Reflexive Method.
Thinkers who were the basis of method in the Humanities:
- Socrates: "Know Thyself"
- Augustine: "Withdraw into yourself truth dwells in the inner man"
- Thales of Miletus: "A scientist tends to know everything about the world that he forgets to know about himself"
- Confucius: The Great Sage

According to Erwin Panofsky, a Humanist:
- Art is a humanistic discipline.
- People in a state of culture in a civilized world are referred to as "humanitas".
- Savages in a state of nature for survival are referred to as "barbaritas".
- Gods in a state of perfection in heaven are called "divinitas".

Ancient Times (800 BC): Cosmocentric view, emphasizing human-kind as the most important element of existence.
Medieval Times (300 AD): Theocentric view, believing that the Christian God is the central aspect to our existence.
Renaissance Times (1400 AD): Anthropocentric view, considering humans to be the most important thing in the Universe.
Modern Times (1600): Scientific-Technocentric view, centered on technology and its ability to control and protect the environment.
Post-Modern Times (1960): Eclectic view, drawing upon multiple theories, styles, or ideas to gain complementary insights into a subject.

History: Human events happening in the world.
Languages: Written and oral forms of human communication.
Philosophy: Human reason concerning reality.
Art: Admiration (Art Appreciation) of human-made objects and the human creativity (Art Creation) by which these objects are made.