Arrhythmia Management and Treatment Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the preferred treatment if the onset of arrhythmia is more than 48 hours or uncertain?

  • Intravenous beta-blocker
  • Rate control (correct)
  • Pharmacological cardioversion
  • Electrical cardioversion
  • In patients with new-onset atrial fibrillation needing a rhythm-control strategy, what medications can be considered?

  • Aspirin or warfarin
  • Flecainide acetate or amiodarone hydrochloride (correct)
  • Digoxin or metoprolol
  • Verapamil hydrochloride or beta-blockers
  • When should a referral be made for specialized management in atrial fibrillation?

  • Within 1 week of symptoms reoccurring
  • Within 2 weeks of treatment failure
  • Within 6 weeks of acute presentation
  • Within 4 weeks of treatment failure (correct)
  • What is the initial management approach to controlling atrial fibrillation?

    <p>Rate control or rhythm control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In case of urgent rate control needed, what medication can be administered?

    <p>Verapamil hydrochloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be considered when deciding between pharmacological or electrical cardioversion in patients with new-onset atrial fibrillation?

    <p>Underlying heart disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a side effect of Mexiletine (Namuscla®)?

    <p>Memory loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the loading dose of Mexiletine (Namuscla®) for life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias in adults?

    <p>400 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what condition is Lidocaine hydrochloride licensed for acute symptomatic treatment?

    <p>Drug-induced methaemoglobinaemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum daily dosage of Mexiletine (Namuscla®) for patients who are poor CYP2D6 metabolizers?

    <p>1200 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a contraindication for Namuscla®?

    <p>Abnormal Q-waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the daily dosage of Namuscla® for myotonia in non-dystrophic myotonic disorders?

    <p>167 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is an alternative to amiodarone for cardiopulmonary resuscitation?

    <p>Lignocaine (Lidocaine)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maintenance dosage range of Mexiletine (Namuscla®) for life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias in adults?

    <p>$150-300$ mg 2-3 times a day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dosage of Mexiletine (Namuscla®) for supraventricular arrhythmias if necessary up to a maximum of $300$ mg daily?

    <p>$50$ mg twice daily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended maximum daily dosage of Namuscla® for rapid control or in heavily built patients with ventricular arrhythmias?

    <p>$400$ mg daily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the drug treatment typically recommended for atrial fibrillation?

    <p>Combination therapy with beta-blockers, digoxin, and diltiazem hydrochloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which patients with new-onset atrial fibrillation is oral anticoagulation recommended?

    <p>Patients in whom the risk of stroke outweighs the risk of bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug can be used for rapid control of ventricular rate in atrial flutter?

    <p>Propafenone hydrochloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred treatment for the recurrence of atrial flutter?

    <p>Catheter ablation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug can be considered for patients with atrial flutter when other drugs are ineffective?

    <p>Amiodarone hydrochloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first-line treatment when rapid conversion to sinus rhythm is necessary?

    <p>Electrical cardioversion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What medication can worsen the condition of Torsade de pointes?

    <p>Propafenone hydrochloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What medication has contraindications such as pre-existing long QT syndrome and severe heart failure?

    <p>Disopyramide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first-line treatment for preventing stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation?

    <p>Oral anticoagulation therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for adding digoxin in patients with heart failure receiving treatment for atrial flutter?

    <p>To control the ventricular rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended dosage adjustment for individuals with a creatinine clearance between 10-30 mL/minute?

    <p>One-quarter normal doses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which condition is digoxin most useful according to the text?

    <p>Atrial flutter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial loading dose of digoxin for adults when given intravenously?

    <p>1 mg over at least 2 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is NOT listed as a contraindication for using digoxin?

    <p>Angina pectoris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is regular monitoring of plasma-digoxin concentration necessary according to the text?

    <p>Only in case of overdose symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can hyperkalaemia predispose a patient to when taking digoxin?

    <p>Cardiac arrhythmias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anti-arrhythmic drug is used specifically for rapid conversion of recent onset atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm?

    <p>Vernakalant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended dosage for adults taking Dronedarone to maintain sinus rhythm after cardioversion?

    <p>400 mg twice daily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anti-arrhythmic drug is known to cause abdominal discomfort, arrhythmias, chest pain, and dizziness as potential side effects?

    <p>Adenosine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is a contraindication for the use of Sotalol hydrochloride due to its non-selective nature and potential to prolong the QT interval?

    <p>Long QT syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug should be used with particular care to avoid hypokalemia and correct electrolyte disturbances before and during its use?

    <p>Sotalol hydrochloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which cases should treatment with Vernakalant be avoided due to contraindications?

    <p>Systolic blood pressure less than 100 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common side effect associated with the use of Adenosine?

    <p>Nausea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contra-indication for the use of Mexiletine?

    <p>Bundle branch block</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should amiodarone be administered intravenously?

    <p>Central venous catheter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if a patient experiences impaired vision while taking amiodarone?

    <p>Stop amiodarone treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common side effect of Mexiletine?

    <p>Headache</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action if liver function abnormalities are detected in a patient taking amiodarone?

    <p>Discontinue amiodarone treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should patients shield their skin from light while on amiodarone treatment?

    <p>During the day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of prolonged QRS interval while on amiodarone?

    <p>Cardiac arrest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which patient group requires increased dosage of amiodarone according to the text?

    <p>Elderly patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential consequence of developing new or worsening respiratory symptoms while taking amiodarone?

    <p>Pulmonary toxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant adverse reaction that can affect the eyes due to amiodarone treatment?

    <p>Blindness</p> Signup and view all the answers

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