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Questions and Answers
Which research design was most adopted in studies between 2017 and 2018?
Which research design was most adopted in studies between 2017 and 2018?
What percentage of the examined studies used questionnaires as a data collection tool?
What percentage of the examined studies used questionnaires as a data collection tool?
In which year did qualitative research begin to be adopted in the studies?
In which year did qualitative research begin to be adopted in the studies?
Which data collection tool was used most frequently in studies conducted in 2015?
Which data collection tool was used most frequently in studies conducted in 2015?
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What trend was observed in the use of questionnaires starting from 2016?
What trend was observed in the use of questionnaires starting from 2016?
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Which data collection tool had the highest reported frequency?
Which data collection tool had the highest reported frequency?
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In which year was the frequency of observations recorded as the highest?
In which year was the frequency of observations recorded as the highest?
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What is one key benefit of augmented reality (AR) technology in language learning?
What is one key benefit of augmented reality (AR) technology in language learning?
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What is the frequency of alternative assessment tools recorded?
What is the frequency of alternative assessment tools recorded?
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Which of the following variables is cited as having an indirect influence on learner motivation?
Which of the following variables is cited as having an indirect influence on learner motivation?
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Which year did the frequency of questionnaires first exceed 4?
Which year did the frequency of questionnaires first exceed 4?
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What research design is predominantly used in studies examining AR integration?
What research design is predominantly used in studies examining AR integration?
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Why might researchers prefer quantitative methods in AR-related studies?
Why might researchers prefer quantitative methods in AR-related studies?
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How many types of data collection tools are listed in the content?
How many types of data collection tools are listed in the content?
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What was the frequency of interviews or focus group interviews in 2017?
What was the frequency of interviews or focus group interviews in 2017?
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What percentage of the research analyzed adopted quasi-experimental designs?
What percentage of the research analyzed adopted quasi-experimental designs?
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Which type of tool had the lowest frequency recorded?
Which type of tool had the lowest frequency recorded?
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According to the content analysis, how does the adoption of qualitative research designs compare to quantitative designs?
According to the content analysis, how does the adoption of qualitative research designs compare to quantitative designs?
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Which data collection tool showed the least variability in frequency over the years?
Which data collection tool showed the least variability in frequency over the years?
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Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason for adopting experimental designs in research on AR integration?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason for adopting experimental designs in research on AR integration?
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What is one limitation of qualitative research designs noted in the content analysis?
What is one limitation of qualitative research designs noted in the content analysis?
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What effect did the AR game have on learning progress in comparison to traditional methods?
What effect did the AR game have on learning progress in comparison to traditional methods?
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Which study specifically aimed to use MOW in teaching English animal names?
Which study specifically aimed to use MOW in teaching English animal names?
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What was one of the outcomes of using the HELLO AR tool?
What was one of the outcomes of using the HELLO AR tool?
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What was the primary limitation noted regarding the meta-analysis studies on AR integration?
What was the primary limitation noted regarding the meta-analysis studies on AR integration?
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Which review study examined 19 studies related to the contributions and limitations of AR in language education?
Which review study examined 19 studies related to the contributions and limitations of AR in language education?
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What focus area was primarily studied in the 10 studies reviewed by Zhang (2018)?
What focus area was primarily studied in the 10 studies reviewed by Zhang (2018)?
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What type of analysis aims to provide new insights into the research on AR in language education?
What type of analysis aims to provide new insights into the research on AR in language education?
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What was one of the factors affecting perceived satisfaction when using the AR tool?
What was one of the factors affecting perceived satisfaction when using the AR tool?
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What percentage of the examined studies used quantitative research design?
What percentage of the examined studies used quantitative research design?
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Which variable was studied the most in the reviewed studies?
Which variable was studied the most in the reviewed studies?
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Which of the following variables was analyzed in only 1 study?
Which of the following variables was analyzed in only 1 study?
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Which method trend had the least representation among the examined studies?
Which method trend had the least representation among the examined studies?
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How many studies focused on 'Learning Approaches/Styles'?
How many studies focused on 'Learning Approaches/Styles'?
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Which of these variables was studied alongside 'Engagement'?
Which of these variables was studied alongside 'Engagement'?
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Which examined variable had the same number of studies as 'Information Expression'?
Which examined variable had the same number of studies as 'Information Expression'?
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What was the number of studies that examined 'Motivation'?
What was the number of studies that examined 'Motivation'?
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Which variable was mentioned alongside 'Parent Perspectives' in the context of examined variables?
Which variable was mentioned alongside 'Parent Perspectives' in the context of examined variables?
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Which variable had the same frequency of studies as 'Cognitive Load'?
Which variable had the same frequency of studies as 'Cognitive Load'?
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What role do teachers play in implementing AR technology in language learning?
What role do teachers play in implementing AR technology in language learning?
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In which type of journals have studies on AR-integrated foreign language education been predominantly published?
In which type of journals have studies on AR-integrated foreign language education been predominantly published?
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What is the primary funding source for the project on teaching English with AR toys?
What is the primary funding source for the project on teaching English with AR toys?
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What ethical considerations were addressed in the study mentioned?
What ethical considerations were addressed in the study mentioned?
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What is one significant suggestion made regarding the publication of pedagogy studies?
What is one significant suggestion made regarding the publication of pedagogy studies?
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Which ethical standards were adhered to during the study?
Which ethical standards were adhered to during the study?
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Which of the following statements about AR in pre-school education is true?
Which of the following statements about AR in pre-school education is true?
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What is a potential benefit of integrating AR in language learning according to the findings?
What is a potential benefit of integrating AR in language learning according to the findings?
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Study Notes
Research Trends on the Use of Augmented Reality Technology in Teaching English as a Foreign Language
- This research examines trends in studies using augmented reality (AR) in teaching English as a foreign language.
- 64 studies published up to 2019 were analyzed for bibliometric mapping.
- 49 articles published between 2007 and 2019 were analyzed in content analysis.
- Studies focused on mobile and ubiquitous learning effectiveness, early childhood education, mobile learning, and gamification.
- Thorne, Azuma and Squire are frequently cited authors.
- "Computers & Education", "Educational Technology & Society", "British Journal of Educational Technology", and "Computers in Human Behavior" are frequent journals.
- Academic achievement and motivation are the most frequently examined variables.
- Quantitative research designs, especially experiments, dominate.
- Questionnaires and achievement tests are the most used data collection tools.
- Purposive sampling was the most common method, but random sampling increased in 2011.
- Descriptive statistics, T-tests, ANOVA/ANCOVA, and correlation analysis are the most frequent quantitative analysis methods, while content analysis is common in qualitative analysis.
Literature Review
- AR-integrated language education has become a growing area of research, especially in the last two decades.
- Research has been conducted across different education levels (preschool, primary, secondary, and higher education).
- Preschool level studies focused on vocabulary development, and alphabet teaching.
- Primary level research focused on vocabulary and phonics instruction.
- Secondary research explored conversational skills, teacher/student perceptions, and technology acceptance.
- Higher education research examined language knowledge and skills, and English composition.
- The effectiveness of AR on learning success, motivation, satisfaction, cognitive load, and learner engagement was a central theme.
Method
- A bibliometric mapping analysis was performed to show trends, research focus, author and journal impact, variables and methods.
- Researchers analyzed keyword use, author citations, and journal citations (to see which are most frequent).
- Content analysis was used to analyze the selected full text articles to determine themes, variables used, and methodologies used.
- Data was collected from the Web of Science database with a specific time frame.
- Data analysis included co-occurrence of words, frequency of words by year, author citations, and journal citations.
- Quantitative research was most frequent, with a particular focus on quasi-experimental and pre-experimental designs.
Content Analysis Findings
- Key variables in the studies:
- Learning/Academic achievement
- Motivation, Interest, Attitude, Technology Effectiveness
- Most frequent data collection tools: questionaires, achievement tests, interviews.
- Most common sampling groups: graduate students and primary school students.
Discussion
- AR-integrated language education is significant.
- Future research should investigate early childhood education, mobile learning, gamification, and mobile games, with particular consideration of the roles of teachers and attitudes/acceptance levels of learners.
- More qualitative research may improve understanding of the use of AR to teach foreign languages.
- Mixed-methods research designs should be encouraged for higher validity and reliability.
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Description
This research delves into the trends of using augmented reality technology in teaching English as a foreign language. It analyzes 64 studies published until 2019, focusing on mobile learning effectiveness and various educational outcomes. Key findings highlight the importance of academic achievement and motivation among learners, with quantitative methods being prevalent in the studies.
