APUSH Unit 4 Review

A political system where government jobs are given to supporters of the winning political party.

The existence of many different religious beliefs and groups in a society.

U.S. law that forced the relocation of Native American tribes from their ancestral lands.

The practice of forcing American sailors into the British navy.

U.S. policy opposing European colonization in the Americas.

Factories that produce textiles, introduced by Samuel Slater, using British manufacturing techniques.

A Native American tribe affected by the Indian Removal Act.

A law that forced Native American tribes to relocate west of the Mississippi River, often violently and against their will.

A machine that quickly separated cotton fibers from seeds, revolutionizing cotton processing.

Conflict between the United States and Britain, resulting from competing territorial claims and trade disputes.

The acquisition of land from France, doubling the size of the United States.

First major financial crisis in the U.S., caused by speculative lending practices, economic instability.

Economic crisis caused by speculative lending, bank failures, and economic instability.

The growth of cotton plantations and the cotton gin led to increased reliance on enslaved labor, and the expansion of the southern economy.

Period of economic change in the U.S., characterized by increased industrialization and technological advancements.

President instrumental in the Louisiana Purchase.

President associated with the Indian Removal Act and the "Kitchen Cabinet" .

Informal group of advisors to President Andrew Jackson.

Inventor of the cotton gin.

Conflict between the United States and Great Britain from 1812-1815.

Maryland imposed a tax on banks not chartered by the state, targeting the Second Bank of the US.

Religious revival in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, emphasizing personal salvation and piety.

Maryland needed improved trade routes and better transportation between the Great Lakes and Hudson River.

Maryland built a canal connecting the Great Lakes to the Hudson River, to boost commerce and settlement.

Whether the federal government had the authority to establish a bank and whether a state could tax or regulate that bank.

A federal bank that was the target of Maryland's tax.

Andrew Jackson's decisions that often bypassed the official Cabinet members.

Forced relocation of Native Americans, resulting in thousands of deaths and significant suffering.

Opportunity to acquire vast territories from France, doubling the size of the United States.

Peaceful transfer of power between political parties, establishing a democratic precedent.

Political party advocating for states’ rights and limited federal government.

Belief in the righteousness of American expansion, justification for westward expansion and territorial acquisition.

Need for a centralized banking system to stabilize the economy and regulate currency.

Presidential power to reject legislation, used to challenge congressional authority (e.g., Jackson's veto of the Second Bank).

Economic demand for labor in the South led to the entrenchment of slavery as a central institution.

Important transportation project, facilitating economic growth.

Opposition to the policies of the Federalist Party encouraged the emergence of the Democratic-Republican Party.

A crop that was predominantly grown in the South and led to economic growth, but also to the strengthening of slavery.

Severe economic downturn characterized by high unemployment and widespread poverty.

Supreme Court case establishing federal supremacy and implied powers under the Necessary and Proper Clause.

Part of the Constitution granting Congress implied powers beyond those explicitly listed.

Powers of the federal government not explicitly stated in the Constitution, but derived from the necessary and proper clause.

Principle that federal laws and the federal government are superior to state laws.

Widespread religious movement promoting personal faith and social reforms.

Naval battle where Oliver Hazard Perry defeated the British, gaining control of Lake Erie during the War of 1812.

Land battle where Tecumseh, an important Native American leader allied with the British, was defeated, ending a Native American confederation.

British forces captured and burned many buildings in Washington, D.C., including the White House and Capitol, during the War of 1812.

Last major battle of the War of 1812, where General Andrew Jackson led American forces to a decisive victory.

The War of 1812 strengthened American national pride and unity.

Federal laws were prioritized over state laws after the War of 1812.

The War of 1812 promoted the idea that religious faith was open to all, not just the wealthy.

The Constitution grants powers to the federal government beyond those explicitly stated.

Officially ended the War of 1812, restoring pre-war boundaries but not addressing impressment.