APUSH Unit 4 Test Review Guide PDF

APUSH Unit 4 Test Review Guide Your Unit 3 Test will consist of: 25 MCQs 1 SAQ (two choices, you pick 1) 1 partial LEQ*** (craft thesis, outli...

APUSH Unit 4 Test Review Guide Your Unit 3 Test will consist of: 25 MCQs 1 SAQ (two choices, you pick 1) 1 partial LEQ*** (craft thesis, outline supporting evidence) Key concepts to review (these will appear on the MCQs, SAQs, and LEQ): Andrew Jackson Federalists Mexican-American Slave Labor Whigs Cause: Born west of the Cause: Led by Alexander War Cause: Cause: Allegheny Mountains, Hamilton and John Cause: Dispute over Economic reliance Formed in opposition representing the interests of Adams. Texas annexation (the on agriculture, to Andrew Jackson’s the common man. - Advocated for a separation of territory) particularly cotton policies. - Promised to acquire strong central and border claims. plantations, in the Advocated for a land for white government, a Outcome: resulted in Southern United strong federal settlement by forcing national bank, and the Treaty of States. government, internal Native Americans to loose interpretation Guadalupe Hidalgo, Legal and social improvements, and move west of the of the Constitution. and expanding U.S. systems that protective tariffs. Mississippi River. - Opposed by the territory westward. supported and - Opposed the Bank of maintained Democratic-Republ Effect: the United States, Effect: slavery. icans led by Influenced the leading to its - Resulted in the Treaty Thomas Jefferson. development of dissolution. of Guadalupe Hidalgo, Effect: Influenced the Effect: modern American - Wanted to keep taxes which led to the U.S. creation of the U.S. - Contributed to the political parties. low and reduce acquiring vast financial system, including economic prosperity of Their opposition to federal government territories including the Bank of the United the South but also Jackson’s policies led involvement. present-day California, States. Their policies laid entrenched racial to significant political - Did not support Henry Nevada, Utah, Arizona, the groundwork for future inequalities. conflicts. Clay’s plans, leading and New Mexico. federalist principles in The party eventually to political conflicts - The war intensified dissolved due to Effect: Implemented the American governance. debates over slavery in Led to significant moral internal divisions spoils system, rewarding - Their opposition to the newly acquired and ethical debates, over the issue of political supporters with Jefferson’s policies territories.It had lasting culminating in the Civil slavery. government jobs. led to significant impacts on both War. - Promoted the idea of political strife nations’ economies Jacksonian during the early and political democracy, Republic era. landscapes.  emphasizing greater - The abolitionist democracy for the movement gained common man. momentum, leading to - His policies led to eventual legal and social significant political changes. and social changes, including the forced relocation of Native Americans (Trail of Tears). - His actions contributed to the rise of the Whig Party as an opposition to his policies. Charles Finney Growth of U.S. Missouri Compromise Spoils System Andrew Jackson Cause: Prominent preacher Denominations Cause: Cause: Presidency*** during the Second Great Cause: - Debate over the - Andrew Jackson’s Promised to acquire land for Awakening. Second Great balance of implementation of white settlement by forcing - Emphasized personal Awakening, which power between the spoils system. Indians to move to the responsibility and emphasized slave and free - Rewarding Mississippi River. Also moral reform. personal salvation states. political promised to undermine the Effect: and emotional - Admission of supporters with bank of the U.S. He wanted - It Led revivals that religious Missouri as a government jobs. to keep taxes low, and have contributed to the experiences. slave state and Effect: the federal government less growth of new Increased Maine as a free - Led to widespread involved. Jackson didn’t like religious immigration and state. corruption and Henry Clay’s plan. denominations. westward Effect: inefficiency in - Born west of the - Influenced social expansion leading - Temporarily government. Allegheny. reform movements, to diverse religious resolved the - Contributed to the - Was for the interest including temperance populations. conflict over rise of the Whig of white America and women’s rights. slavery in new Party, which without meaning to.. - His teachings territories. opposed - Jackson also Effect: emphasized the idea - Maintained the Jackson’s policies. significantly changed - Led to the that individuals could balance of - Highlighted issues the spread for the formation of new influence their own power in the of patronage and nation of art, religious salvation, encouraging Senate meritocracy in churches, and denominations and active participation in between slave public schools. increased church religious and social and free states. administration. - Jackson believed in membership. life. “spoil systems,”  - Contributed to the - Highlighted the which rewarded religious pluralism deep divisions political party and diversity in the over slavery candidates with a United States. that would government spot. - Influenced social eventually lead - He opposed the bank and moral reforms to the Civil War. of the us, which led to inspired by the dissolution of it. religious fervor. - He wanted lower taxes and wanted to reduce federal involvement. - His opposition to Henry Clay created political tension. Cherokee Indians Impressment Monroe Doctrine Textile Mills (Samuel Cause: The indian removal Cause: British practice of Cause: U.S. opposition Slater) act of 1830. The effect is that it forcing American Sailors to European Cause: created the forced the recolation of into the British Navy. The colonialism in the introduction of textile Cherokee people from their effect is that it contributed Americas. Effect: the manufacturing ancestral lands in the to tensions between the establishment of a techniques from Britain. southeastern United States to United States and Britain policy of opposing The effect is that it territories west of the Missippi which lead to the War of European invention in increased the growth of River, also known as the trail 1812. They created treaties the Western American textile mills and of tears. however they never truly Hemisphere, asserting contributed to the Market had peace between the U.S. influence in the Revolution ( industrial two nations, region. Revolution ) in the U.S. Cotton gin (Eli Whitney) Indian Removal Act Panic of 1819 Thomas Jefferson Cause: Invention of a They were granting the Cause: Speculative Cause: His presidency machine that quickly President (Jackson) the lending practices and and policies. separated cotton fibers from right to move the Indians economic instability. Effect: Louisiana seeds. to the Mississippi in order Effect: First major Purchase (1803), which Effect: Revolutionized cotton to exchange for their financial crisis in the doubled the size of the processing, leading to the Indian lands within the United States, leading United States, and expansion of cotton state's borders. This to widespread bank support for the Lewis and plantations and the included mass killing of failures, Clark Expedition. entrenchment of slavery in Indians, violence, and NOT unemployment, and the South. a peaceful protest. economic hardship. Cotton’s impact on southern “Kitchen Cabinet” Panic of 1837 Trade between the U.S. economy and Britain Cause: Development of the Cause: Informal group of Cause: Speculative Cause: Post-War of 1812 cotton gin and expansion of advisors to President lending practices, bank economic relations and cotton plantations. Andrew Jackson. failures, and economic treaties. Effect: Made cotton the Effect: Influenced instability. Effect: Growth of trade dominant cash crop in the Jackson’s policies and Effect: Severe and commerce between South, leading to economic decisions, often bypassing economic depression, the two nations, growth but also the official Cabinet members. high unemployment, influencing their entrenchment of slavery. and widespread economic policies. poverty. Democratic-Republican Party Louisiana Purchase Revolution of 1800 Trail of Tears Cause: Opposition to the Cause: Opportunity to Cause: Election of Cause: Implementation Federalist Party’s policies. acquire vast territories Thomas Jefferson as of the Indian Removal Act. Effect: Emergence of a from France. President. Effect: Forced relocation political party advocating for Effect: Doubled the size of Effect: Peaceful of Native Americans, states’ rights and limited the United States, transfer of power resulting in thousands of federal government, providing land for between political deaths and significant influencing early American expansion and settlement. parties, establishing a suffering. politics. precedent for democratic governance. Enslaved Persons Manifest Destiny Second Bank of the U.S. Veto Cause: Economic demand for Cause: Belief in the Cause: Need for a Cause: Presidential power labor in the South. inevitability and centralized banking to reject legislation. Effect: Entrenchment of righteousness of American system. Effect: Used by Andrew slavery as a central institution expansion. Effect: Establishment Jackson to challenge in American society, Effect: Justification for of a national bank to congressional authority, contributing to social and territorial acquisitions and stabilize the economy exemplified by his veto of economic inequalities. westward expansion, and regulate currency. the Second Bank influencing U.S. policy and settlement. Erie Canal McCulloch v. Maryland Second Great War of 1812 Cause: Need for improved (1819) Awakening Background: transportation and trade Background: The Time Period: Tensions between routes. state of Maryland The Second the United States Effect: Construction of a imposed a tax on Great and Great Britain canal connecting the Great all banks operating Awakening were high due to Lakes to the Hudson River, within its borders occurred from British restrictions boosting commerce and that were not the late 18th on U.S. trade and settlement. chartered by the century through the impressment  state. The Second the early 19th of American Bank of the United century, sailors into the States, a federal peaking in the British Navy. institution, was 1820s and 1830s. Conflict: The war targeted by this Characteristics lasted from June tax. : This was a 18, 1812, to February Legal Question: Protestant 18, 1815. It involved The central issue religious revival major battles in was whether the characterized the Great Lakes, federal by large camp the Atlantic government had meetings, Ocean, and the the authority to emotional Gulf of Mexico. establish a bank preaching, and Key Events: and whether a a focus on state had the personal Battle of Lake Erie: power to tax or salvation and American forces led by regulate that bank. piety. It Oliver Hazard Perry Supreme Court emphasized defeated the British, Decision: Chief individual faith gaining control of Lake Justice John and the Erie. Marshall delivered possibility of the opinion of the spiritual rebirth. Court, stating that Impact on Battle of Thames: the federal Society: Tecumseh, a Native government had American leader allied implied powers with the British, was Religious Revival: It led under the defeated, leading to the to the growth of Necessary and end of the Native various denominations Proper Clause of American confederation and the establishment the Constitution he had formed. of new religious (Article I, Section 8). movements. The Court ruled that creating a Burning of Washington: national bank was In 1814, British forces Social Reforms: The an implied power captured and burned the movement inspired of Congress and White House and the numerous social that states could Capitol. reform efforts, not tax federal including temperance, institutions. abolitionism, women’s Battle of New Orleans: In Significance: This January 1815, General case established  the principle of rights, and educational Andrew Jackson led federal supremacy, reforms. American forces to a meaning that decisive victory over the federal laws take British, boosting national Democratization of precedence over morale. Religion: It promoted state laws. It also the idea that salvation reinforced the idea was available to all Treaty of Ghent: that the individuals, not just the The war officially Constitution grants elite, and encouraged ended with the certain implied greater participation in signing of the powers to the religious life. Treaty of Ghent on federal December 24, 1814, government which restored beyond those pre-war explicitly stated. boundaries but did not address the issue of impressment. Significance: The War of 1812 fostered a sense of American nationalism and unity. It also led to the demise of the Federalist Party, which had opposed the war, and paved the way for the Era of Good Feelings under President James Monroe. *We will be completing the Progress Check in AP Classroom as part of our prep. *The textbook has a practice test starting on page 338. Feel free to use it as practice (I have the answer key). *Khan Academy has practice quizzes and a practice test for Period 4. Feel free to use it as practice for MCQs. Khan Academy Unit 4